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| 1 | |
For each of the following muscles, (1) describe the movement that the muscle produces, and (2) name the muscles that act as synergists and antagonists for them: longus capitis, erector spinae, coracobrachialis. |
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| 2 | |
Propose an exercise that would benefit each of the following muscles specifically: biceps brachii, triceps brachii, deltoid, rectus abdominis, quadriceps femoris, and gastrocnemius. |
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| 3 | |
Consider only the effect of the brachioradialis muscle for this question. If a weight is held in the hand and the forearm is flexed, what type of lever system is in action? If the weight is placed on the forearm? Which system can lift more weight, and how far? |
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| 4 | |
A patient was involved in an automobile accident in which the car was "rear-ended," resulting in whiplash injury of the head (hyperextension). What neck muscles might be injured in this type of accident? What is the easiest way to prevent such injury in an automobile accident? |
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| 5 | |
During surgery, a branch of the patient's facial nerve was accidentally cut on one side of the face. As a result, after the operation, the lower eyelid and the corner of the patient's mouth drooped on that side of the face. What muscles were apparently affected? |
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| 6 | |
When a person becomes unconscious, the tongue muscles relax, and the tongue tends to retract or fall back and obstruct the airway. Which tongue muscle is responsible? How can this be prevented or reversed? |
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| 7 | |
The mechanical support of the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa is weakest in the inferior direction. What muscles help prevent dislocation of the shoulder when a heavy weight such as a suitcase is carried? |
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| 8 | |
How would paralysis of the quadriceps femoris of the left leg affect a person's ability to walk? |
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| 9 | |
Speedy Sprinter started a 200 m dash and fell to the ground in pain. Examination of her right leg revealed the following symptoms: inability to plantar flex the foot against resistance, normal ability to evert the foot, dorsiflexion of the foot more than normal, and abnormal bulging of the calf muscles. Explain the nature of her injury. |
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