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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
The bending of seismic waves as they travel from a layer of one density to the next layer of differing density is called seismic
A)reflection.
B)refraction.
C)deflection.
D)waves don't bend when they pass through different materials.
2
The boundary that separates the crust from the mantle is called:
A)the Moho.
B)the crust-mantle boundary.
C)the lithosphere.
D)all of these
3
The inner core is most likely composed of:
A)iron.
B)sulfur.
C)oxygen.
D)silicon.
4
The principle of continents being in buoyant equilibrium is known as:
A)the elastic rebound theory.
B)isostasy.
C)the principle of buoyant equilibrium.
D)the corkscrew principle.
5
A positive gravity anomaly indicates:
A)a reversal of the gravitational field.
B)an excess of mass.
C)a deficiency in mass.
D)the gravity meter is above the geoid.
6
Positive gravity anomalies are often associated with:
A)large cavern systems beneath Earth's surface.
B)deep ocean trenches.
C)ore bodies beneath Earth's surface.
D)subduction zones at convergent plate margins.
7
A positive magnetic anomaly might indicate:
A)the magnetometer is pointed south
B)a body of magnetic ore.
C)there are no buried magnets nearby.
D)the magnetometer is pointed north.
8
Which of the following is not an example of isostasy?
A)ocean basins are deeper than continents
B)crustal rebound
C)deep mountain roots
D)all of these are examples of isostasy.
9
The S-wave shadow zone is evidence that:
A)it is very hot near the core.
B)the inner core is solid.
C)the outer core is composed of iron and nickel oxides.
D)the outer core is liquid.
10
The physical evidence that the core is composed mostly of iron is:
A)scientists have sampled the core and determined its composition.
B)volcanoes regularly erupt material from the core to the surface.
C)the known mass of Earth requires material of high density at the core.
D)none of these
11
The velocity of seismic waves varies through Earth because:
A)the composition of rocks varies within the Earth.
B)the elastic behavior of rocks varies within the Earth.
C)density of rocks varies within the Earth.
D)all of these
12
Convection is likely occurring in:
A)throughout the Earth.
B)both the mantle and the outer core.
C)the inner core.
D)both the crust and the mantle.
13
The interior composition and structure of Earth have been deduced in part from:
A)analyses of the behavior of seismic waves.
B)studies of meteorites.
C)deep drilling projects.
D)all of these
14
Heat inside the Earth:
A)decreases with increasing depth.
B)is primarily generated by radioactive decay.
C)is uniform throughout the interior.
D)all of these.
15
The average temperature increase (geothermal gradient) in the crust averages:
A)100 degrees Celsius per kilometer.
B)10 degrees Celsius per kilometer.
C)1 degree Celsius per kilometer.
D)25 degrees Celsius per kilometer.
16
Heat flow to the surface of Earth:
A)is highest in areas of active volcanism.
B)varies from place to place.
C)is lowest in stable continental interiors.
D)all of these
17
The boundary between the crust and mantle:
A)is the source of the S-wave shadow zone.
B)coincides with the boundary between the asthenosphere and lithosphere.
C)is marked by a change is velocity of seismic waves at the Moho.
D)none of these
18
The largest portion of Earth's volume is:
A)the outer core.
B)the inner core.
C)the mantle.
D)the crust.
19
The composition of the upper mantle is known because:
A)some caves on Earth extend into the mantle.
B)samples of mantle rock have been brought to the surface through tectonic activity and analyzed by scientists.
C)meteorites are believed to be similar to the mantle.
D)none of these
20
The average thickness of the continental crust is:
A)1 km.
B)100-150 km.
C)30-50 km.
D)10-12 km.





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