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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
"Geological processes operating at the present time are the same processes that have operated in the past" is a statement of:
A)the Principle of Faunal Succession.
B)the Principle of Cross-cutting Relationships.
C)The Principle of Uniformitarianism.
D)the Principle of Original Horizontality.
2
If rock A cross-cuts rock B, then rock A is:
A)older than rock B.
B)younger than rock B.
C)an igneous rock.
D)the same age as rock B.
3
Which of the following is a method of correlation?
A)matching similar fossil assemblages
B)tracing rocks with physical continuity
C)tracing similar rock types
D)All of these can be used for correlation.
4
Eras of the Standard Geologic Time Scale are subdivided into:
A)Periods.
B)Epochs.
C)Eons.
D)none of these
5
Which subdivision of geologic time is the longest?
A)Precambrian
B)Tertiary Period
C)Mesozoic Era
D)Miocene Epoch
6
Which of the following is not used in radioactive dating?
A)Potassium 40
B)Uranium 238
C)Calcium 21
D)Carbon 14
7
Radiocarbon dating is a useful technique for all samples below except:
A)granite.
B)basalt.
C)volcanic ash.
D)none of these.
8
Radon is a gas derived from the natural radioactive decay of:
A)Lead
B)Uranium
C)Plutonium
D)Potassium
9
Concentrations of radon are highest in areas where the bedrock is:
A)limestone.
B)phyllite.
C)granite.
D)sandstone.
10
An unconformity tha has tilted sedimentary layers beneath it and horizontal sedimentary layers above is called a(an)______.
A)angular unconformity
B)disconformity
C)nonconformity
D)faunal unconformity
11
A geologist could use the Principle of Inclusions to determine the relative age of:
A)xenoliths.
B)shale layers.
C)metamorphism.
D)fossils.
12
A contact between parallel sedimentary rock layers that records missing geologic time is:
A)a disconformity.
B)a nonconformity.
C)an angular unconformity.
D)not an unconformity.
13
The fossils of multicellular life forms observed in rocks:
A)are proof of the young age of Earth.
B)are no older than 540 million years old.
C)can be used to correlate the rock layers.
D)none of these.
14
Geologists are reasonably convinced that Earth:
A)is 6,000 years old.
B)is 4.5 – 4.6 billion years old.
C)is 20 - 40 million years old.
D)none of these.
15
Methods used by geologists to determine the general sequence of geologic events from oldest to youngest are known as:
A)Relative dating.
B)Radioactive dating
C)carbon dating.
D)isotope dating.
16
Undisturbed sedimentary rock layers occur in horizontal layers. This is:
A)because the rocks were originally deposited flat in water.
B)proof that they are younger than the rocks above and below them.
C)called the Principle of Original Horizontality.
D)Both A and C.
17
The principle of ______ states that within an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary or volcanic layers, the oldest layer is on the bottom.
A)original horizontality.
B)superposition.
C)lateral continuity.
D)cross-cutting relationships
18
James Hutton was:
A)a Scotsman
B)considered the father of geology
C)among the great early thinkers of geology.
D)all of these
19
We live in the ______ Epoch.
A)Cenozoic
B)Pleistocene
C)Holocene
D)Quaternary
20
Which of the following will affect the half-life of a radioactive element?
A)an enrichment of uranium at Earth’s surface.
B)bombardment of the earth by cosmic rays.
C)extreme heat deep within the Earth.
D)none of these.





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