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True or False
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1
A variable must have two or more levels or values.
A)True
B)False
2
A variable is an abstract concept that must be defined in terms of the specific method used to measure or manipulate it.
A)True
B)False
3
In a negative linear relationship, the direction of the relationship changes at least once.
A)True
B)False
4
A positive linear relationship is sometimes referred to as a nonmonotonic function.
A)True
B)False
5
If two variables are confounded, you can easily determine which of the variables is operating in a given situation.
A)True
B)False
6
When the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable is plotted on a graph, the dependent variable is always placed on the vertical axis.
A)True
B)False
7
The ex post facto design describes research in which groups are formed on the basis of some actual difference rather than through random assignment.
A)True
B)False
8
Ethnic group is an example of a subject variable.
A)True
B)False
9
Validity refers to the accurate representation of information.
A)True
B)False
10
External validity refers to the adequacy of the operational definition of variables.
A)True
B)False
11
Achieving high internal validity may conflict with achieving high external validity
A)True
B)False
12
Another way to say that there is no relationship between two variables is to say there is an inverted-U relationship.
A)True
B)False
13
External validity is a numerical index of the strength of relationships between variables.
A)True
B)False
14
Another term for the nonexperimental method is the correlational method.
A)True
B)False
15
Experimental control is accomplished by treating participants in all groups in the experiment the same way.
A)True
B)False
16
Strong causal conclusions can be made from nonexperimental and experimental designs.
A)True
B)False





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