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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
Which of the following is NOT a quantitative approach to describing behavior?
A)the percentage of students enrolled in 4 or more courses
B)the number of drivers that are stopped by police officers each day
C)personal explanations for not wearing seat belts
D)the average age of children entering school
2
Dr. V should use ___________ to describe and understand how homeless people live.
A)a lab experiment
B)a field experiment
C)archival research
D)naturalistic observation
3
Which of these statements is TRUE about naturalistic observations?
A)The field researcher becomes a direct participant interacting with those who are being observed.
B)The field researcher keeps detailed field notes.
C)The goal is to test hypotheses formed prior to the study.
D)both a and b
4
Naturalistic observation requires accurate description and ___________ interpretations.
A)objective
B)subjective
C)positive
D)intuitive
5
Which of the following is a limitation of naturalistic observations?
A)Field research is very difficult to do.
B)Field research can be very time consuming.
C)It cannot be used to investigate complex social settings.
D)both a and b
6
Dr. Jones is conducting a study in which he is observing how parents play with their children. When training his research assistants, he tells them to document how many times the parents smile at their children, frown at their children, encourage their children, and correct their children. This is most clearly an example of
A)a coding system.
B)archival research.
C)naturalistic observation.
D)a case study.
7
__________ observation refers to the careful observation of one or more specific behaviors in a particular setting.
A)Nonparticipatory
B)Systematic
C)Specific
D)Naturalistic
8
A(n) _________ is a type of case study in which a researcher applies psychological theory to explain the life of an individual.
A)psychobiography
B)case biography
C)autobiography
D)histobiography
9
Case studies are used to describe __________.
A)businesses
B)individuals
C)neighborhoods
D)all of these
10
__________ research involves using previously compiled information to answer research questions.
A)Case study
B)Archival
C)Laboratory
D)Experimental
11
Which of the following is NOT a type of archival research data?
A)oral statements
B)statistical records
C)survey archives
D)written records
12
Which of the following is a major problem with the use of archival data?
A)The desired records may be difficult to obtain.
B)Information collected by someone else may not be accurate.
C)There is tremendous bias in written records.
D)both a and b
13
Books, magazine articles, movies, television programs, and newspapers are examples of ___________ records.
A)ethnographical
B)mass communication
C)written
D)cultural communication
14
Letters preserved by historical societies are an example of __________.
A)written records
B)survey data
C)mass communication records
D)both a and b
15
Joe's term paper for his psychology class this semester analyzed Abraham Lincoln from three different theoretical positions. Joe most clearly conducted a(n)
A)archival research.
B)a psychobiography.
C)systematic observation.
D)naturalistic observation.
16
Which of the following is not methodological issue in systematic observation research?
A)equipment needs
B)interrater reliability
C)reactivity concerns
D)validity concerns
17
Published systematic observation research tends to have reliability coefficients of at least
A)60%
B)70%
C)80%
D)90%
18
Dr. Jones is interested in hybristophilia; a rare paraphilia in which people are attracted to those who have committed crimes. Dr. Jones is most likely to conduct a(n)
A)case study.
B)naturalistic observation.
C)systematic observation.
D)archival researcher.
19
_____ is the methodical analysis of existing documents.
A)Systematic observation
B)Content analysis
C)Mass communication analysis
D)Psychobiography
20
Which of the following is true about naturalistic observation studies?
A)the data analysis is planned in advance
B)procedures are well defined
C)procedures are the same for all participants
D)informed consent may be given verbally





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