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| 1 | |
Regarding the relationship between a person's attitudes and their behavior, which of the following is not completely accurate? |
| | A) | A person's attitude will always predict their behavior. |
| | B) | When social influences are minimal, attitudes are good predictors of behavior. |
| | C) | When an attitude is strong, it is a good predictor of behavior. |
| | D) | When the attitude is specific to the behavior, it is a good predictor of behavior. |
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| 2 | |
One way to find out what a person's environmental attitudes are would be to |
| | A) | ask how they voted. |
| | B) | observe what kind of car they bought. |
| | C) | ask about their political affiliation. |
| | D) | ask them about their attitudes. |
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| 3 | |
Actions expected of those who occupy a particular social position are called |
| | A) | norms. |
| | B) | status. |
| | C) | roles. |
| | D) | values. |
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| 4 | |
When a person's behavior is incongruent with their attitude and they feel unsettled or disturbed because of it, this is referred to as |
| | A) | cognitive disequilibrium. |
| | B) | the comfort-discomfort effect. |
| | C) | attitude cognizance. |
| | D) | cognitive dissonance. |
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| 5 | |
Which of the following is one of the key components in the study of attitudes? |
| | A) | social intelligence |
| | B) | mental intelligence |
| | C) | behavior |
| | D) | emotions |
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| 6 | |
According to Daryl Bem's ________________ theory, a person examines their behavior to reveal what their attitude is. |
| | A) | drive |
| | B) | cognitive dissonance |
| | C) | behavior-attitude |
| | D) | self-perception |
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| 7 | |
When offered an unnecessary reward in an attempt to control behavior, the _______________ effect occurs. |
| | A) | overjustification. |
| | B) | underjustification. |
| | C) | reward-control theory. |
| | D) | insufficient justification. |
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| 8 | |
Whose theory involves the idea of arousal as central to dissonance? |
| | A) | Fredrickson |
| | B) | Bem |
| | C) | Festinger |
| | D) | Bandura |
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| 9 | |
Threaten a person's self-concept in one domain, and they will compensate by doing something good in another domain. This describes the |
| | A) | self-presentation effect. |
| | B) | self-sufficiency theory. |
| | C) | self-monitoring effect. |
| | D) | self-identity theory. |
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| 10 | |
Dissonance theory explains attitude _______________, while self-perception theory explains attitude _______________. |
| | A) | formation; change. |
| | B) | incongruity; justification. |
| | C) | change; formation. |
| | D) | justification; incongruity. |
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| 11 | |
Self-presentation theory argues that people will adopt attitudes consistent with behaviors in order to |
| | A) | create negative impressions. |
| | B) | reduce tension. |
| | C) | determine how they should behave. |
| | D) | create good impressions. |
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| 12 | |
What is one method of measuring unconscious attitudes? |
| | A) | Administer the implicit association test (IAT) to subjects. |
| | B) | Administer the explicit association test (EAT) to subjects. |
| | C) | Administer a lie detection test to subjects. |
| | D) | Administer the galvanic skin test to subjects. |
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| 13 | |
The overjustification effect can occur as an outgrowth of which of the following theories? |
| | A) | the drive theory. |
| | B) | the underjustification theory. |
| | C) | the social justice theory. |
| | D) | the self-perception theory. |
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| 14 | |
Jeff received an advertisement for his "dream car," with such a low price, it was too good to be true. He rushed down to the car dealer's, only to discover that it was a stripped down, bare-bones model. He bought the car anyway, paying extra for air conditioning, power steering, power windows, a sunroof, a CD player, and a DVD player. To which of the following techniques did Jeff succumb? |
| | A) | the foot-in-the-door technique. |
| | B) | the door-in-the-mouth technique. |
| | C) | the low-ball technique. |
| | D) | cognitive dissonance. |
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| 15 | |
Curt's car is in the shop, so he asks Steve to take him to the library to return some books before they become overdue. When they finish returning the books and are back in Steve's car, Curt asks if Steve will take him to pick up his dry cleaning. And Steve does. Steve complied due to which of the techniques? |
| | A) | the deceitful-favor technique. |
| | B) | the door-in-the-face technique. |
| | C) | the foot-in-the-door technique. |
| | D) | the low-ball technique. |
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| 16 | |
A politician who publicly favors a tax increase, while privately not believing in the tax increase, will most likely experience |
| | A) | attitude incongruity. |
| | B) | behavior incompatibility. |
| | C) | attitude lag. |
| | D) | cognitive dissonance. |
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| 17 | |
A teenager is out with her friends at the mall. Although she doesn't believe in shoplifting, when they all take earrings and put them in their pockets, she does as well. As a result, she will most likely experience |
| | A) | cognitive dissonance. |
| | B) | the attitude-behavior dissimilarity theory. |
| | C) | attitude inoculation. |
| | D) | attitude incongruity. |
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| 18 | |
A student states that he supports gun ownership by individuals. In speech class, his teacher assigns him to present a persuasive speech on abolishing gun ownership by individuals. After arguing the opposing side, he finds his initially favorable attitude has changed. This can be explained by |
| | A) | attitude insensitivity. |
| | B) | the flip-flop phenomenon. |
| | C) | attitude transience. |
| | D) | cognitive dissonance theory. |
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| 19 | |
Research shows that a person's behavior can lead the person to change their attitude. This is in line with which of the following theories? |
| | A) | the self-observation theory |
| | B) | the cognitive dissonance theory |
| | C) | the action-cognition theory |
| | D) | the distortion-cognition theory |
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| 20 | |
Which theory pertaining to behavior affecting attitudes asserts that a person focuses on their behavior to figure out what their attitude is? |
| | A) | the self-perception theory |
| | B) | the self-installation theory |
| | C) | the attitude searching theory |
| | D) | the attitude conviction theory |
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