Online Student Edition Glencoe Online Essay Grader Progress Reporter Online Assessment Interactive Timeline Media Center Presentation Tips and Strategies Unit Resources About the Big Ideas (English) About the Big Ideas (Spanish) Being There Online Big Idea Web Quest Combined Academic and Selection Vocabulary eFlashcards Unit Skills Assessment Vocabulary Game Test-Taking Tips and Strategies Author Search Interactive Literary Elements Handbook Literature Classics Literature Library Study Guides Online Student Resources Interactive Writing Models Writing and Research Handbook Part Resources Interactive Reading Practice Literary History Selection Resources Reading-Writing Connection Activities Selection Quizzes (English) Selection Quizzes (Spanish) Cross-Curricular Connections Selection Vocabulary eFlashcards (English) Selection Vocabulary eFlashcards (Spanish) | Literature Literary HistorySymbolist and Imagist Poetry Overview Symbolism began as a literary movement in the late nineteenth century. Symbolism dominated French poetry and was characterized by metaphor and imagery instead of obvious detail. It was more conceptual than literal. The French poet Stéphane Mallarmé said of Symbolism, "Suggestion, that is the dream." American Imagists were influenced by the French Symbolists. These writers explored the inner workings of the mind and captured these thoughts in metaphor and symbols. Ezra Pound, Hilda Doolitte (H. D.), and Richard Aldington were the most prominent writers of the Imagist movement. Ezra Pound officially started the Imagist movement when he submitted a poem by his friend Hilda Doolittle to Poetry magazine and signed the poem "H. D. Imagiste." Imagists utilized economy of language in their poetry. Their principles were to use compressed, exacting phrases to convey an immediate image or feeling. To them Romantic verse was excessive and flowery. Imagists sought expression and drama with lean, terse language. In Pound's words, an image was "that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time." Bibliography A Season in Hell and the Drunken Boat. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1961. Two of French poet Arthur Rimbaud's masterpieces in English and French: A Season in Hell and The Drunken Boat. The Collected Poems of William Carlos Williams, Vol. I: 1909–1939. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1991. The first part of an anthology of Williams's poetry, including the well-known "Spring and All." Collected Early Poems of Ezra Pound. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1982. This is a good introduction to the work of the leading American Imagist, Ezra Pound. The Classic Tradition of Haiku: An Anthology. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 1996. Japanese haiku poetry consists of seventeen syllables, usually divided into three lines. The Imagists were highly influenced by Japanese and Chinese poetry. Here is an introduction to the history of haiku, from 1488 to 1902 and poems from masters such as BashÅ. Web links Harriet Monroe and the "Imagists" Introduction: Haikai, Hokku, Haiku
Amy Lowell (1874–1925)
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