An Introduction to Critical and Creative Thinking Information Center: Detailed Table of Contents


		Table of Contents Detailed Table of Cont... Introduction About the Authors



	Student Edition
	Instructor Edition

An Introduction to Critical and Creative Thinking: Analysing and Evaluating Ordinary Language Reasoning

T. Brian Mooney
John N. Williams
Steven Burik

Detailed Table of Contents

	Introduction

(1)	Basic Concepts of Reasoning

1.1. What is Reasoning?
1.2. Statements and Nonstatements
1.3. What is an Argument?
1.4. Inference Indicators
1.5. Reading between the Lines
1.6. Arguments, Conditional Statements, and Disjunctions
1.7. Basic and Complex Arguments
1.8. What is a Good Argument?
1.8.1. Truth and Premises
1.8.2. Acceptable Inferences
1.9. Deductive and Inductive Arguments
1.9.1. Deductive Arguments
1.9.2. Deductive Arguments: Soundness
1.9.3. Inductive Arguments
1.9.4. Inductive Arguments: Conjecture
1.9.5. Inductive Arguments: Reliability and Cogency
1.10. Comparing Deduction and Induction

(2)	Diagramming Reasoning

2.1. Introduction
2.2. Serial Reasoning
2.3. Divergent Reasoning
2.4. Linked Reasoning
2.5. Convergent Reasoning
2.6. Difficulties with the Linked-Convergent Distinction
2.7. Putting It All Together

(3)	Evaluating Arguments

3.1. Missing Premises, Missing Conclusions, and Deep Assumptions
3.2. Truth
3.3. Degrees of Support
3.4. Evaluating Longer Passages of Reasoning

(4)	Diagramming: Reasons For and Against

4.1. Attacks upon the Truth of Reasons
4.2. Attacks upon the Truth of Conclusions
4.3. Attacks upon Inferences
4.4. All-Out Assaults
4.5. Extended Examples: Reasons For and Against

(5)	Forms of Argument

5.1. Recognising Forms of Argument
5.2. Forms of Deductive Arguments: Categorical Syllogisms
5.3. Five Common Valid Forms of Categorical Syllogisms
5.4. Forms of Deductive Arguments: Propositional Logic
5.5. A Summary of Forms of Deductive Arguments: Propositional Logic
5.6. Combining Forms of Deductive Arguments: Propositional Logic
5.7. Combining Forms of Deductive Arguments: Propositional Logic and Categorical Syllogisms
5.8. Necessary and Sufficient Conditions
5.9. Four Forms of Inductive Argument
5.10. Appendix: A List of Equivalences

(6)	Reconstructing and Constructing Arguments and Writing Evaluative Essays

6.1. Reconstructing Arguments
6.2. Reconstructing Simple Arguments
6.3. Reconstructing Complex Arguments
6.4. Constructing Arguments: Arguing for a Conclusion
6.5. Thinking about Premises
6.6. Deciding How Much to Claim
6.7. Writing an Evaluative Essay

(7)	Fallacies

7.1. What are Fallacies?
7.2. Fallacies of Irrelevance
7.3. Fallacies of Weak Induction
7.4. Fallacies of Presumption
7.5. Miscellaneous Fallacies
7.6. A Field Guide for Fallacy-Spotters

(8)	Categorical Logic

Note to Instructors
8.1. What is Categorical Logic?
8.2. The Square of Opposition (Simple)
8.3 The Square of Opposition (Full)
8.4. Immediate Inferences
8.4.1. Twiddling Operations
8.4.2. Using Twiddling and the Full Square of Opposition Together
8.5. The Syllogism and its Parts
8.6. Venn Diagrams
8.7. Venn Diagrams Applied to Syllogisms (Part 1)
8.8. Venn Diagrams Applied to Syllogisms (Part 2)
8.9. Logical Equivalences in Categorical Logic
8.10. Translations

(9)	Propositional Logic

9.1. Simple and Compound Propositions in Propositional Logic
9.1.1. It is not the Case that P
9.1.2. Both P and Q
9.1.3. Either P or Q
9.1.4. If P, then Q
9.1.5. P if and only if Q
9.2. The Scope and Limits of Symbolizing Ordinary Language Propositions
9.2.1. Translating Negations into Propositional Logic
9.2.2. Translating Other Compound Propositions into Propositional Logic
9.2.3. Translating Conjunctions into Propositional Logic
9.2.4. Translating Disjunctions into Propositional Logic
9.2.5. Translating Conditionals into Propositional Logic
9.2.6. Translating Bi-Conditionals into Propositional Logic
9.2.7. Translating Propositions with Multiple Operators
9.3. The Five Basic Truth Tables
9.3.1. The Truth Table for Negation
9.3.2. The Truth Table for Conjunction
9.3.3. The Truth Table for Disjunction
9.3.4. The Truth Table for the Conditional
9.3.5. The Truth Table for the Bi-Conditional
9.4. Summary of the Five Basic Truth Tables
9.5. Truth Tables for More Complex Compound Propositions
9.6. The Use of Truth Tables for Classifying and Comparing Propositions
9.6.1. Classifying Propositions
9.6.2. Comparing Propositions
9.7. Translating Arguments and the Use of Truth Tables
9.8. The Indirect Method
9.8.1. Indirect Method: Testing for Consistency
9.8.2. Indirect Method: Testing for Validity

(10)	Definitions

10.1. The Importance of Definitions
10.2. Dictionaries
10.3. Six Criteria of Good Definitions
10.4. Clarity
10.5. Precision within Reasonable Limits
10.6. Not too Broad
10.7. Not too Narrow
10.8. Noncircular
10.9. Not Unfairly Emotive
10.10. Methods of Definition

(11)	Practical Applications

11.1. Is this a Good Question?
11.1.1. Socratic Questioning
11.2. How to Write an Argumentative Essay
11.2.1. Four Stages of an Argumentative Essay
11.3. Moral Reasoning
11.3.1. Ethical Principles
11.3.2. Dilemmas
11.3.3. The Argument from Tradition
11.3.4. Moral Definitions
11.4. Legal Reasoning
11.4.1. Analogy in Legal Reasoning
11.4.2. Cause and Effect
11.4.3. Diagrams
11.4.4. Authority and Experts
11.4.5. Legal Definitions
11.4.6. Cogency
11.4.7. Fallacies
11.5. Scientific Thinking: A Few Examples
11.5.1. Some Central Features of Scientific Thinking
11.5.2. The Importance of Scientific Thinking: A Bit of History
11.5.3. Demarcating Science from Nonscience
11.5.4. Conjectures
11.5.5. The Value of Generality and Precision
11.5.6. Auxiliary Hypotheses and Ad Hoc Modification
11.6. Management and Business Reasoning
11.6.1. Making Informed Decisions
11.7. Analytical Skills in Context


	Index

Instructors: To experience this product firsthand, contact your McGraw-Hill Education Learning Technology Specialist.