Make an outline
Arguments are most effective when they present a chain--a linked set--of reasons, so it is a good idea to begin drafting by writing down your thesis and outlining the way you will support and develop it. Your outline should include the following parts:
- An introduction to the topic and debatable issue.
- A thesis stating your position on the issue.
- A point-by-point account of the reasons for your position, including the evidence (facts, examples, authorities) you'll use to substantiate each major claim.
- A fair presentation and refutation of one or two key counter-arguments to your thesis.
- A response to the "so what?" question about the issue or your thesis. Why does your argument matter?