| Accounting Information Systems | Information systems that record and report business transactions and the flow of funds through an organization, then produce financial statements. These statements provide information for the planning and control of business operations, as well as for legal and historical recordkeeping.
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| Batch Processing | A category of data processing in which data are accumulated into batches and processed periodically. Contrast with Real-Time Processing.
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| Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) | The use of computers to automate the production process and operations of a manufacturing plant. Also called factory automation.
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| Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) | An overall concept that stresses that the goals of computer use in factory automation should be to simplify, automate, and integrate production processes and other aspects of manufacturing.
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| Electronic Business (e-Business) | The use of Internet technologies to internetwork and empower business processes, electronic commerce, and enterprise communication and collaboration within a company and with its customers, suppliers, and other business stakeholders.
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| Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) | A crossfunctional e-business application that integrates frontoffice applications like customer relationship management with back-office applications like enterprise resource management.
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| Enterprise Collaboration Systems | The use of groupware tools and the Internet, intranets, extranets, and other computer networks to support and enhance communication, coordination, collaboration, and resource sharing among teams and workgroups in an internetworked enterprise.
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| Financial Management Systems | Information systems that support financial managers in the financing of a business and the allocation and control of financial resources. These include cash and securities management, capital budgeting, financial forecasting, and financial planning.
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| Functional Business Systems | Information systems within a business organization that support one of the traditional functions of business such as marketing, finance, or production. Functional business systems can be either operations or management information systems.
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| Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) | Information systems that support human resource management activities such as recruitment, selection and hiring, job placement and performance appraisals, and training and development.
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| Interactive Marketing | A dynamic collaborative process of creating, purchasing, and improving products and services that builds close relationships between a business and its customers, using a variety of services on the Internet, intranets, and extranets.
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| Manufacturing Information Systems | Information systems that support the planning, control, and accomplishment of manufacturing processes. This includes concepts such as computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) and technologies such as computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) or computer-aided design (CAD).
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| Marketing Information Systems | Information systems that support the planning, control, and transaction processing required for the accomplishment of marketing activities, such as sales management, advertising, and promotion.
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| Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) | A real-time transaction processing system.
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| Process Control | The use of a computer to control an ongoing physical process, such as petrochemical production.
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| Real-Time Processing | Data processing in which data are processed immediately rather than periodically. Also called online processing. Contrast with Batch Processing.
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| Transaction Processing Cycle | A cycle of basic transaction processing activities including data entry, transaction processing, database maintenance, document and report generation, and inquiry processing.
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