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Which part of Rutherford's experiment provided evidence of a tiny, dense central core, or nucleus, in gold atoms?
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| | A) | (1) the polonium sample emitting alpha particles |
| | B) | (4) alpha particles passing through the gold foil |
| | C) | (5) slightly deflected alpha particles |
| | D) | (6) alpha particles that were bounced back |
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2 | |
What caused Dalton's calculations of relative atomic mass to contain errors? |
| | A) | inaccurate measurements of the composition of water |
| | B) | mistakes in calculation |
| | C) | inaccurate assumptions about how atoms combine |
| | D) | incorrect theory that all atoms of the same element are identical |
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3 | |
What conclusion about atoms was based directly on observations of cathode ray tubes, like the one shown here?
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| | A) | Atoms contain negatively charged particles. |
| | B) | Atoms contain divisible particles. |
| | C) | Atoms contain positively charged particles. |
| | D) | Atoms are electrically neutral. |
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4 | |
Rutherford assumed that helium atoms contained two protons and two electrons. What evidence led him to propose that they also contained neutrons? |
| | A) | Helium atoms have more mass than two protons. |
| | B) | Experiments showed that helium atoms did not contain two protons. |
| | C) | Experiments showed that helium atoms did not contain two electrons. |
| | D) | Helium atoms are less massive than two protons and two electrons. |
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5 | |
What is one key question that Rutherford's theory and Bohr's theory answer differently? |
| | A) | Are atoms mostly empty space? |
| | B) | Electrons in atoms move around the nucleus. |
| | C) | Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons. |
| | D) | Electrons in atoms exist only with certain amounts of energy. |
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6 | |
What is the best description of an atom with the following symbol?
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| | A) | The atom has a total of 17 particles, including 8 protons. |
| | B) | The atom has 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 9 neutrons. |
| | C) | The atom has 8 protons, 17 electrons, and 9 neutrons. |
| | D) | The atom has 17 protons, 8 electrons, and 9 neutrons |
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7 | |
What is the best description of the electrons in a fluorine atom, according to Bohr's theory of energy levels? |
| | A) | 19 electrons in the same energy level |
| | B) | 19 electrons in two different energy levels |
| | C) | 9 electrons in the same energy level |
| | D) | 9 electrons in two different energy levels. |
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8 | |
Identify the isotope whose atom fits this description: mass number 30, atomic number 14. |
| | A) | silicon-30 |
| | B) | silicon-14 |
| | C) | zinc-14 |
| | D) | zinc-30 |
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9 | |
An atom has mass number 24 and atomic number 11. Which description below would be part of Bohr's model, but NOT part of Rutherford's model, of this atom? |
| | A) | The atom has 11 protons. |
| | B) | The atom has 11 electrons. |
| | C) | The atom has 13 neutrons. |
| | D) | The atom has electrons in three energy levels. |
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10 | |
In Bohr's model of the atom, what was the cause of coloured light emitted from gas discharged tubes? |
| | A) | electrons moving between permitted energy levels |
| | B) | protons moving between permitted energy levels |
| | C) | protons vibrating in the nucleus |
| | D) | electrons shooting out of radioactive atoms |
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11 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT a difference between Bohr's theory and current theories of the atom? |
| | A) | Neutrons and protons are made of quarks. |
| | B) | Electron energy levels are divided into sub-levels. |
| | C) | There are many fundamental particles besides neutrons, protons, and electrons. |
| | D) | Electrons in atoms exist only with certain permitted energies. |
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