 |  School and Society: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, 4/e Stephen E. Tozer,
The University of Illinois, Chicago
Paul C. Violas
Guy Senese,
Northern Arizona University
Contemporary School Reform: The Post Cold War Era
Professional Vocabulary- America 2000: An Education Strategy
- A set of far-reaching goals for public education to be reached by the year 2000; instituted by the first Bush administration and continued in the Clinton administration as Goals 2000.
- charter schools
- An idea popularized in the 1990s to encourage teachers, parents, and others to develop new approaches to schools and obtain from the state a "charter", or a contract permitting a school to depart from certain state regulations to create an innovative schooling environment.
- educational excellence
- A term popularized in the 1980s when the report A Nation at Risk drew public attention to the mediocrity of schooling in the United States.
- Goals 2000: Educate America Act
- A congressional act to implement a set of far-reaching goals for public education to be reached by the year 2000; outlined by the first Bush administration as America 2000 and continued in the Clinton administration as Goals 2000.
- A Nation at Risk
- A 1983 report by the Presidential Commission on Excellence in Education; declared the United States "at risk" in the competitive world marketplace and compared the educational system of the nation to an "act of war" by a foreign power; received a great deal of publicity and launched public dialogue on school reform lasting almost two decades.
- school choice
- An educational policy that supports the right of parents to choose whatever public school they want for their children; justified by the view that students perform better if they attend a school chosen for its compatibility with the beliefs and values of the family.
- school restructuring
- A general term for any of a number of approaches to school reform that emphasize changing such organizational features of schooling as how decisions are made, the length of the school day, and the allocation of time during the school day.
- standardized achievement testing for accountability
- A 1990s emphasis of the contemporary school reform movement, continuing into the new century, that seeks to hold school districts, schools, administrators, teachers, and students accountable for learning through frequent and systematic use of achievement tests to measure student learning.
- standards-based teacher education
- An approach to reforming teacher preparation and certification by defining explicitly what teachers should know and be able to do in general and in their specific grade-level and subject-area assignments.
- teacher education in school reform
- An emphasis on the improvement of schools by improving the preparation of teachers; a recurrent theme in school reform since Horace Mann's time and one that has been a consistent factor in the contemporary reform movement since the mid-1980s.
- voucher system for schools
- A proposed approach to public schooling that would provide government money to the family, not to the school system, so that the family could spend that educational allocation (voucher) in any school it chose, public or private, religious or secular.
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education