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1 | |
This condensed structure represents a
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| | A) | saturated fatty acid. |
| | B) | monounsaturated fatty acid. |
| | C) | trans fatty acid. |
| | D) | polyunsaturated fatty acid. |
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2 | |
What does this structure of a complex carbohydrate represent?
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| | A) | starch, showing the alpha linkages |
| | B) | starch, showing the beta linkages |
| | C) | cellulose, showing the alpha linkages |
| | D) | cellulose, showing the beta linkages |
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3 | |
This is the structure for a substance found in asparagus. This is an example of
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| | A) | an amino acid. |
| | B) | an alcohol. |
| | C) | a protein. |
| | D) | a peptide linkage. |
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4 | |
This structure represents a common vitamin. From the given structure, which statement about this vitamin is correct?
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| | A) | It is expected to be very soluble in fats, making an overdose possible. |
| | B) | It will play a role in metabolizing minerals in the body, making an overdose likely. |
| | C) | It will be a major source of energy for the body, making an overdose impossible. |
| | D) | It is expected to be very soluble in aqueous solution, making an overdose unlikely. |
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5 | |
According to Chemistry in Context, a typical type of peanut butter contains 26% protein, 52% fat, 20% carbohydrates, and 2% water. How many Calories of food energy could you derive from 250 g of peanut butter? |
| | A) | 250 Cal |
| | B) | 652 Cal |
| | C) | 1000 Cal |
| | D) | 1630 Cal |
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6 | |
This figure is a schematic diagram of the 1991 USDA food pyramid. What foods are in section "D" and "E" of the pyramid?
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| | A) | D = vegetables; E = fruits |
| | B) | D = meat, fish, and nuts; E = bread, cereal, and pasta |
| | C) | D = bread, cereal, and pasta; E = fats, oils, and sweets |
| | D) | D = milk, yogurt, and cheese; E = meat, fish, and nuts |
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7 | |
This structure represents the antioxidant BHA, often used with BHT to help preserve food. What is the formula for this substance?
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| | A) | C4H13O2 |
| | B) | C5H19O2 |
| | C) | C10H13O2 |
| | D) | C11H16O2 |
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8 | |
Lactose intolerance, a common metabolic condition, is caused by |
| | A) | insufficient amounts of the enzyme lactase. |
| | B) | an overabundance of stomach acid. |
| | C) | the presence of alpha-linkages in lactose. |
| | D) | the failure to include dairy products in the diet. |
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9 | |
Many cultures practice the "principle of dietary complementarity." What does that phrase mean? |
| | A) | It means choosing foods, such as vegetables and fruits, so that all essential vitamins and minerals are included. |
| | B) | It means planning a diet so that the relative amounts of each type of food indicated in the Food Pyramid are consumed. |
| | C) | It means balancing the proportions of liquids and solids in the diet. |
| | D) | In means pairing foods, such as rice with beans, so that all essential amino acids are included in the diet. |
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10 | |
What is Olestraâ and how is it used? |
| | A) | Olestraâ is a no-Calorie replacement for sugar and is approved for use as an artificial sweetener. |
| | B) | Olestraâ is a no-Calorie replacement for fat, and is approved for use in salty snack foods. |
| | C) | Olestraâ is a high-Calorie supplement, and is approved for use in baby food. |
| | D) | Olestraâ is a replacement for the enzyme lipase, and is approved as a replacement for saturated fats. |
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11 | |
What is the significance of the elements shaded on this periodic table?
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| | A) | They are major elements found in the human body. |
| | B) | They are all essential trace elements found in the human body. |
| | C) | They are all present in essential macrominerals necessary for human life. |
| | D) | They are all present in essential microminerals necessary for human life. |
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12 | |
Which is the correct key for this diagram, which shows the mass percent composition of a typical steak?
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| | A) | 44% = water; 32% = fat; 24% = protein |
| | B) | 44% = carbohydrates; 32% = fat; 24% = protein |
| | C) | 44% = protein; 32% = fat; 24% = water |
| | D) | 44% = fat; 32% = protein; 24% = carbohydrates |
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13 | |
This is the first step in the reaction to form triglycerides
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When these two monomers join, |
| | A) | a molecule of CO2 will be eliminated and a peptide linkage will form. |
| | B) | H2 will be eliminated and a oxygen-to-oxygen bond will form. |
| | C) | a molecule of H2O will be eliminated and a ester linkage will form. |
| | D) | a molecule of H2O2 will be eliminated and a carbon-to-carbon bond will form. |
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14 | |
The primary structure of proteins refers to |
| | A) | the identity and sequence of the amino acids present. |
| | B) | the helical form that results from hydrogen bonding. |
| | C) | the degree of aggregation of the protein units. |
| | D) | the folding of the chains, resulting in helices or globular forms. |
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15 | |
Which statement concerning carbohydrates is false? |
| | A) | Cellulose and starches are both comprised of simple sugars. |
| | B) | Monosaccharides generally have both open (straight chain) and closed (cyclic) forms. |
| | C) | Sugar linkages in disaccharides and polysaccharides are often broken by enzymes. |
| | D) | Sucrose, table sugar, is comprised of glucose and lactose. |
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