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1 | |
A child in Piaget's stage of concrete operations can do all but which of the following? |
| | A) | understand logical relationships |
| | B) | classify objects |
| | C) | distinguish between reality and fantasy |
| | D) | think abstractly |
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2 | |
"All birds have wings. A robin is a bird, therefore a robin has wings." This is an example of |
| | A) | transitive inference |
| | B) | deduction |
| | C) | induction |
| | D) | class inclusion |
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3 | |
"Jeremy is taller than Julia, and Julia is taller than me, so Jeremy is taller than me." This is an example of |
| | A) | seriation |
| | B) | transitive inference |
| | C) | class inclusion |
| | D) | horizontal décalage |
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4 | |
Which of the following types of conservation is generally the last to develop? |
| | A) | volume |
| | B) | weight |
| | C) | substance |
| | D) | none of the above; all of these types of conservation develop at about the same time |
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5 | |
Rita has just developed a new skill. First she counts the fingers on her left hand ("1-2-3-4-5"). When asked how many fingers she has on both hands, she begins counting the fingers on her right hand, going on with "6-7-8-9-10." Rita is probably about how old? |
| | A) | 4 or 5 |
| | B) | 6 or 7 |
| | C) | 8 or 9 |
| | D) | 10 or 11 |
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6 | |
According to Piaget, the factor that most strongly affects the development of conservation is |
| | A) | intelligence |
| | B) | maturation |
| | C) | schooling |
| | D) | cultural background |
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7 | |
In Piaget's theory of moral reasoning, children reach the stage of morality of cooperation when they |
| | A) | think less egocentrically |
| | B) | accept parental standards and rules |
| | C) | judge an act by its consequences |
| | D) | favor severe punishment |
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8 | |
Failure to remember can occur because of deficiencies in |
| | A) | encoding |
| | B) | storage |
| | C) | retrieval |
| | D) | any of the above |
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9 | |
According to a widely accepted model, the central executive |
| | A) | separates verbal and visual processing of information |
| | B) | is part of long-term memory |
| | C) | is located in the brain's temporal lobe |
| | D) | is responsible for metamemory |
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10 | |
Which of the following statements about metamemory is true? |
| | A) | Until age 6, children have virtually no awareness of how their memory works. |
| | B) | Metamemory improves steadily from kindergarten through fifth grade. |
| | C) | Metamemory improves only slightly before third grade, then takes a big jump between third and fifth grades. |
| | D) | Metamemory does not begin to develop until age 10 or 11. |
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11 | |
Which of the following is an external aid to memory? |
| | A) | organization |
| | B) | elaboration |
| | C) | writing |
| | D) | rehearsal |
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12 | |
The growth of selective attention in middle childhood is believed to be due to |
| | A) | neurological maturation |
| | B) | schooling |
| | C) | improved recall |
| | D) | more focused interests |
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13 | |
Neo-Piagetian psychologists combine elements of Piaget's theory with findings of which kind of research? |
| | A) | Vygotskian |
| | B) | psychometric |
| | C) | information-processing |
| | D) | cognitive neuroscience |
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14 | |
The most widely used individual intelligence test for schoolchildren is the |
| | A) | Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children |
| | B) | Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale |
| | C) | Otis-Lennon School Ability Test |
| | D) | Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children |
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15 | |
Which of the following statements about IQ tests is true? |
| | A) | Despite standardization, the tests have little validity or reliability. |
| | B) | Scores are poor predictors of achievement in school. |
| | C) | Scores are more closely related to age than to amount of schooling. |
| | D) | Because tests are timed, children who work slowly tend to do poorly. |
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16 | |
Which of Gardner's "intelligences" is best measured by traditional intelligence tests? |
| | A) | musical |
| | B) | spatial |
| | C) | bodily-kinesthetic |
| | D) | linguistic |
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17 | |
According to Sternberg's triarchic theory, which element of intelligence is required for most tasks in school? |
| | A) | componential |
| | B) | experiential |
| | C) | contextual |
| | D) | figural |
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18 | |
Test developers have been unable to devise culture-fair intelligence tests because |
| | A) | tests require the use of language |
| | B) | it is impossible to eliminate culture-linked content |
| | C) | "common" experiences are affected by cultural values |
| | D) | all of the above |
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19 | |
Which of the following sentence constructions would a 6-year-old be most likely to use? |
| | A) | "I knew that the teacher was going to call on me." |
| | B) | "These cookies were baked yesterday." |
| | C) | "If my father was here, he'd beat you up." |
| | D) | "I have looked all over for my ball, and I can't find it." |
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20 | |
According to one study, which fourth-grader is likely to write a story with fewer errors and more elaborate ideas and to concentrate better on the task? |
| | A) | a boy working alone |
| | B) | a girl working alone |
| | C) | a child working with friend |
| | D) | a child working with classmate who is not a friend |
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21 | |
Elena, whose native language is Spanish, is learning academic subjects in Spanish until her English becomes more fluent. Elena is being taught according to which of the following approaches? |
| | A) | English-immersion |
| | B) | bilingual education |
| | C) | dual language |
| | D) | code switching |
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22 | |
Which of the following is likely to do best in the early grades of school? |
| | A) | Anne, who always does what the teacher tells her to do |
| | B) | Barry, who fidgets in his seat |
| | C) | Carol, who frequently speaks up in class |
| | D) | Doug, who is extremely polite |
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23 | |
Which of the following parents is most likely to have a child who is a high achiever? |
| | A) | Alice, who expects her daughter to do well in school and gives her extra allowance when she does |
| | B) | Brenda, who puts pressure on her son to do well but doesn't really expect him to |
| | C) | Curt, who expects his daughter to do well and punishes her when she falls short |
| | D) | David, who encourages his son's interest in the work |
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24 | |
Experience with the Kamehameha Early Education Program (KEEP) suggests that teachers can help children from minority cultures feel more comfortable and achieve more by doing all but which of the following? |
| | A) | teaching subject matter important in the students' cultures |
| | B) | matching their own patterns and rhythms of speech to the students' |
| | C) | letting students teach and learn from each other |
| | D) | adjusting for culturally influenced learning styles |
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25 | |
About how many children in the United States are identified as learning disabled? |
| | A) | 20,000 to 30,000 |
| | B) | 100,000 to 200 thousand |
| | C) | 1 million |
| | D) | more than 2 million |
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26 | |
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act requires placement of children with disabilities, whenever possible, in |
| | A) | residential programs |
| | B) | special schools |
| | C) | special classes |
| | D) | the least restrictive environment |
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27 | |
Identification of giftedness may be based on |
| | A) | an IQ score of 130 or higher |
| | B) | outstanding ability in a specific area such as math or science |
| | C) | creative thinking |
| | D) | any of the above |
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28 | |
Gifted children tend to have social and emotional problems if their IQs are higher than |
| | A) | 130 |
| | B) | 150 |
| | C) | 180 |
| | D) | 200 |
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29 | |
Tests of creativity attempt to measure |
| | A) | convergent thinking |
| | B) | divergent thinking |
| | C) | subjective thinking |
| | D) | artistic talent |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education