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A Child's World: Infancy through Adolescence, 9/e

Diane E. Papalia, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Sally Wendkos Olds
Ruth Duskin Feldman

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

True/False


1	According to Piaget, the ability to think abstractly develops in the stage of concrete operations, which coincides with middle childhood.
		A)	True
		B)	False


2	A team captain who lines up team members in order of height is showing sequential processing.
		A)	True
		B)	False


3	Research has established that children in nonwestern cultures tend to achieve conservation later than children in western cultures because their cultures place less importance on this ability.
		A)	True
		B)	False


4	In Piaget's stage of morality of constraint, children believe that an act is bad if it is punished.
		A)	True
		B)	False


5	When second-graders try to remember a list of items, they are more likely to categorize the information than to repeat it over and over.
		A)	True
		B)	False


6	Selective attention helps children avoid mistakes in recall.
		A)	True
		B)	False


7	One criticism of IQ tests is that they fail to separate aptitude from achievement.
		A)	True
		B)	False


8	African Americans, on average, score 15 points lower on IQ tests than white Americans.
		A)	True
		B)	False


9	The explanation for the high achievement of Asian schoolchildren is that they start out with a cognitive advantage.
		A)	True
		B)	False


10	Children's understanding of syntax continues to develop until the age of 9 or later.
		A)	True
		B)	False


11	Kindergartners sometimes are unaware that when they do not understand directions they cannot do a job well.
		A)	True
		B)	False


12	Children's attitudes toward reading become less positive after first grade.
		A)	True
		B)	False


13	Research has established the superiority of the whole-language method of teaching reading.
		A)	True
		B)	False


14	The "back to basics" trend in education was inspired by a drop in high school students' SAT scores during the mid-1970s.
		A)	True
		B)	False


15	The ability to think is inborn and cannot be taught.
		A)	True
		B)	False


16	Mental retardation and hyperactivity are more commonly diagnosed in boys than in girls.
		A)	True
		B)	False


17	Children with learning disabilities tend to have below-average intelligence.
		A)	True
		B)	False


18	With proper guidance, a child can outgrow a learning disability.
		A)	True
		B)	False


19	Creativity and IQ are highly correlated.
		A)	True
		B)	False


20	There is little or no evidence that tests of creativity, such as the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, are reliable.
		A)	True
		B)	False

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