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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1

Excretion rids the body of ________.
A)excess food
B)cellular metabolic wastes
C)nondigestible ingested material
D)all of the above
2

The organ(s) of excretion is/are _______.
A)skin
B)lungs
C)liver
D)kidneys
E)all of the above
3

Excretion refers to the elimination of feces from the body.
A)True
B)False
4

________ contain(s) nitrogen.
A)Amino acids
B)Nucleotides
C)Creatine phosphate
D)all of the above
5

In humans, the liver _________.
A)removes carbon dioxide from the body
B)stores creatine phosphate
C)converts ammonia to urea
D)regulates the body temperature
E)all of the above are liver functions
6

________ is/are produced in the liver by a complicated series of reactions.
A)Amino acids
B)Nucleotides
C)Creatine phosphate
D)Ammonia
E)Urea
7

Crystals of uric acid sometimes collect in the joints, producing a painful ailment called gout.
A)True
B)False
8

Creatinine is an end product of ________ metabolism.
A)lung
B)nucleotide
C)muscle
D)ammonia
E)anaerobic
9

Kidney function(s) include ____________.
A)water and salt balance
B)removal of metabolic wastes
C)acid-base balance
D)hormone secretion
E)all of the above
10

The urinary system consists of _____.
A)kidneys
B)ureters
C)urinary bladder
D)all of the above
11

The kidneys lie above the membranous lining of the abdominal cavity.
A)True
B)False
12

The ________ are muscular tubes that convey the urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
A)urethras
B)ureters
C)urinary bladders
D)nephrons
13

The ureters are muscular tubes that convey the urine from the kidneys to the bladder by ________.
A)beating of cilia
B)active transport
C)peristalsis
D)hypotonic pressure
14

The urinary bladder can hold up to 600 ml of urine.
A)True
B)False
15

There is a connection between the genital and urinary systems in females.
A)True
B)False
16

Only the urinary system, consisting of the kidneys, the urinary bladder, the ureters, and the urethra, ever holds urine.
A)True
B)False
17

On the concave side of each kidney there is a depression where (the) ________ enter(s).
A)renal artery
B)ureter
C)renal vein
D)all of the above
18

The kidney consists of ____________.
A)the renal cortex
B)the renal medulla
C)the renal pelvis
D)all of the above
19

The renal cortex contains cone-shaped tissue masses called renal pyramids.
A)True
B)False
20

A kidney contains many collecting ducts, which enter the renal ________.
A)cortex
B)medulla
C)pelvis
D)loop of the nephron
21

Microscopically, the kidney is composed of over one million nephrons.
A)True
B)False
22

Nephrons are sometimes called __________.
A)convoluted tubules
B)renal or kidney tubules
C)loops of the nephron
D)glomerular capsules
23

Each nephron in the kidney is made up of several parts, including ____________.
A)the glomerular capsule
B)the proximal convoluted tubule
C)the distal convoluted tubule
D)the loop of the nephron
E)all of the above
24

The glomerular capsule and the convoluted tubule lie outside the renal cortex.
A)True
B)False
25

The ________ is a capillary knot inside the glomerular capsule.
A)proximal convoluted tubule
B)peritubular capillary
C)loop of the nephron
D)glomerulus
E)distal convoluted tubule
26

The peritubular capillary surrounds most of the nephron.
A)True
B)False
27

Urine formation consists of ___________.
A)glomerular filtration
B)tubular reabsorption
C)tubular secretion
D)all of the above
28

The pattern of blood flow about the nephron is critical to urine formation.
A)True
B)False
29

The filterable components of the blood that move across from the glomerulus are________.
A)water, nitrogenous wastes, nutrients, and salts
B)blood cells and platelets and proteins
C)albumin, fats and other proteins
D)mainly blood cells
30

The filterable components form ________.
A)the glomerular filtrate
B)tubular secretions
C)large molecular complexes
D)bile salts
31

The nonfilterable components stay inside the glomerular capsule.
A)True
B)False
32

The cells lining the proximal convoluted tubule are anatomically adapted for ________ reabsorption.
A)passive
B)active
C)both active and passive
D)no
33

Reabsorption is called ________ reabsorption because only molecules recognized by carrier molecules are actively reabsorbed.
A)general
B)indiscriminate
C)selective
D)reverse
34

The loop of the nephron is made up of ________ limb(s).
A)a descending
B)an ascending
C)both ascending and descending
D)convoluted
35

Water cannot leave the ascending limb of the loop of the nephron because the limb is impermeable to water.
A)True
B)False
36

Drinking alcohol causes diuresis because it inhibits the secretion of ________.
A)ANH
B)ADH
C)angiotensin
D)cortisone
E)aldosterone
37

________ is a hormone that primarily maintains sodium ion balance.
A)ANH
B)ADH
C)Angiotensin
D)Cortisone
E)Aldosterone
38

The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes renin.
A)True
B)False
39

If the kidneys fail to function, _________.
A)other organs can carry on all the excretion functions for some time
B)renal failure becomes a life-threatening event
C)they rapidly regenerate their nephrons
D)cells store their own metabolic wastes until the kidneys function again
40

Infection of the bladder is called ________.
A)pyelonephritis
B)urethritis
C)cystitis
D)hemodialysis
41

The accumulation of waste substances in the blood is called ________.
A)pyelonephritis
B)urethritis
C)cystitis
D)hemodialysis
E)uremia
42

Modern hemodialysis involves ___________.
A)an all day process twice a week
B)an anticoagulant to prevent the blood from coagulating inside the machine
C)a complex nutrient solution with substances to be added to the blood
D)methods to allow regular hookup to the patient's bloodstream
E)regular blood transfusions from healthy donors
43

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis involves ___________.
A)being confined to a hemodialysis machine several times a week
B)an anticoagulant to prevent the blood from coagulating inside the machine
C)an ambulance crew to administer the dialysis
D)methods to allow regular hookup to the patient's bloodstream
E)placing the dialyzing fluid inside the peritoneal cavity to operate during normal activity







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