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Multiple Choice
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1
In the diathesis-stress model, it is easy to figure out what stress means. What does diathesis mean?
A)A built-in physiological predisposition
B)A preexisting language disorder
C)The presence or absence of a chromosome
D)An environment in which learning takes place
2
The highly individual combination of genes representing biological inheritance from the parents is the definition of:
A)phenotype.
B)genotype.
C)chromotype.
D)biotype.
3
Everyone in Wayne's family is very tall, leading everyone to expect that Wayne would also be tall. However, as a child Wayne developed a chronic illness that stunted his growth. The tall genes Wayne received from his parents are part of his:
A)phenotype.
B)genotype.
C)diathesis.
D)nurture.
4
An individual's unique combination of observable characteristics is the definition of:
A)genotype.
B)genetic code.
C)diathesis.
D)phenotype.
5
What percentage of genes do you have in common with a brother or sister of yours?
A)Roughly 25%
B)Roughly 50%
C)Roughly 75%
D)Exactly 100%
6
Two of your classmates have the same birthday, the same biological parents, but are not the same sex. They must be:
A)monozygotic twins
B)identical twins
C)adopted probands
D)fraternal twins
7
If both members of a twin pair are diagnosed with the same disorder, they are said to be _______________ for that disorder.
A)coincidental
B)similar
C)concordant
D)conspicuous
8
The brain and spinal cord make up the:
A)central nervous system.
B)sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
C)autonomic nervous system.
D)peripheral nervous system.
9
What part of the neuron contains the nucleus?
A)Cell body
B)Dendrites
C)Axon
D)Axon terminals
10
The long fiber that extends outward from a neuron's cell body and serves as the passageway for the neural signal is the:
A)synapse.
B)dendrite.
C)axon.
D)nucleus.
11
The small gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of the next is called the:
A)axon.
B)synapse.
C)nucleus.
D)dendrite reception area.
12
Which of the following are the short fibers that branch out from the cell body of a neuron and receive signals from other neurons?
A)Axons
B)Axon terminals
C)Dendrites
D)Synapses
13
Neurotransmitters are released from _______________ and make contact with special proteins on the next cell called _______________.
A)cell bodies; dendrites
B)dendrites; receptors
C)axon terminals; receptors
D)presynaptic neurons; axon terminals
14
Which neurotransmitter is related to motor behavior, stimulant drug use, and schizophrenia?
A)GABA
B)Norepinephrine
C)Glycine
D)Dopamine
15
The substance that signals the autonomic nervous system to produce the "fight or flight" response is:
A)serotonin.
B)norepinephrine.
C)GABA.
D)enkephalin.





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