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Explorations: Stars, Galaxies, and Planets
Thomas Arny, University of Massachusetts

History of Astronomy

Questions for Review



1

What is the celestial sphere?
2

What is a constellation?
3

What is the zodiac?
4

What is the ecliptic?
5

What causes the seasons?
6

When it is winter in Australia, what season is it in New York? Is it April in Paris?
7

Where on the celestial sphere would you look for the planets?
8

How long does it take the Moon to go through a cycle of phases?
9

Sketch the path on the sky that a planet makes when undergoing retrograde motion.
10

Will a planet in retrograde motion rise in the east or west?
11

If you see a bright "star" in the sky, how could you tell whether it is a star and not, for example, Venus?
12

Describe the major astronomical contribution(s) of the following in a sentence or two for each: Aristotle, Aristarchus, Eratosthenes, Ptolemy, Copernicus, Tycho, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton.
13

What is meant by the phrase angular diameter?
14

If you triple your distance from an object, what happens to its angular size?