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Human Diversity in Education Book Cover
Human Diversity in Education: An Integrative Approach, 4/e
Kenneth H. Cushner, Kent State University, Kent
Averil McClelland, Kent State University, Kent
Philip Safford, Case Western Reserve University

Creating Classrooms that Address Race and Ethnicity

Web Links

The Susie Guillory Phipps Case

For more details and commentary on the Phipps case, see the following web sites:

Details of the case http://aad.english.ucsb.edu/docs/Omi-Winant.html

"Race and Poverty: Our Private Obsession, Our Public Sin"http://www1.umn.edu/irp/publications/race.htm

Bias in Testing

An excellent web site that discusses bias in assessments is the following:

"Fight Hate, Promote Tolerance" http://www.tolerance.org/hidden_bias/tutorials/index.html

The Taino People

For more information on the Taino people, then and now, see the following:

"Taino Indians' Culture" http://welcome.topuertorico.org/reference/taino.html

Taino Cultural History http://www.elboricua.com/history.html

The Taino Survival http://www.lasculturas.com/aa/aa100900a.php

The Freedmen's Bureau

Considerable information on the Freedmen's Bureau (Bureau for the Relief of Freedmen and Refugees) exists on the web. Several sites are particularly useful:

Legislation establishing the Freedmen's Bureau http://www.inform.umd.edu/EdRes/Colleges/ARHU/Depts/History/Freedman/fbact.htm

"The Freedmen's Bureau," by W.E.B. DuBois http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/01mar/dubois.htm

The Freedmen's Bureau Online http://www.freedmensbureau.com/

Freedmen's Schools http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/harp/0521.html; http://www.iath.virginia.edu/vshadow2/HIUS403/freedmen/school.html

Plessy v. Ferguson [1896]

Text of the Supreme Court case http://laws.findlaw.com/us/163/537.html

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka I [1954]

Text of the Supreme Court case http://laws.findlaw.com/us/347/483.html

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka II [1955]

Text of the Supreme Court case http://laws.findlaw.com/us/349/294.html

Integration of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas

For more information on the Little Rock experience, see: http://www.centralhigh57.org

Civil Rights Legislation

For texts of the legislation that attempted to address major inequalities in the United States, see the following:

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act (Voting Rights Act) (P.L. 88-352) [1964]http://www.dol.gov/oasam/regs/statutes/titlevi.htm

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act (P.L. 88-352) [1964]http://www.dol.gov/oasam/regs/statutes/2000e-16.htm

Equal Pay Act (P.L. 88-38) [1963]http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/epa.html

Bililngual Education Act

http://www.ed.gov/legislation/ESEA/sec7101.html

Title IX of the Education Amendments [1972]

http://www.dol.gov/oasam/regs/statutes/titleix.htm

Prejudice and Prejudice Reduction

For more information on prejudice and ideas on various types of prejudice reduction efforts, the following web sites will be useful.

Anti-Defamation Leaguewww.adl.org This group monitors anti-semitic activity and offers prejudice reduction programs.

Artists Against Racismwww.vrx.net/aar/home.html Musicians, composers, writers, actors, and other performing artists have joined to create this anti-racist resource page.

Center for the Study of White American Culturewww.euroamerican.org/ This is a multicultural center that examines European American culture, with a special focus on how the prejudice of white Americans toward other ethnic and cultural groups can be confronted through anti-racist dialogue and action.

The Southern Poverty Law Centerwww.splcenter.org/ Founded in 1971, this is a non-profit organization that combats hate, intolerance and discrimination through education and litigation. The site provides links to Klanwatch and the activities of Teaching Tolerance. Klanwatch and its Militia Task Force monitor extremist and militant activity throughout America and provide comprehensive updates to law enforcement agencies, the media, and the general public. Teaching Tolerance is a publication made available to teachers for a minimal fee or no fee.

European Crosspoint Anti-Racism Webpagewww.magenta.nl/crosspoint/ Maintained by the Netherlands International Centre for Human Rights, this website provides links to hundreds of useful antiracist organizations around the world organized by continent and country.

Hate Groups

For information on symbols and concepts among hate groups, as well as information on how to fight hate groups in your community, see the following:

Hate crimes defined http://www.texasnaacp.org/hateguid.htm#exec

Symbols: http://www.adl.org/hate_symbols/

Stop Hate 2000 http://www.stophate2000.org/

Discussion of hate groups http://www.infidels.org/~godlessheathen/Reasonhome.html

White Privilege

For more insights into the concept of white privilege, see the following:

"Examining White Skin Privilege," by Kimberly Hohman http://latinoculture.about.com/library/weekly/aa060200a.htm?once=true&

"White Privilege and Male Privilege" by Peggy McIntosh http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/res_colleges/socjust/Readings/Mcintosh.html