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1 | |
Teresa Amabile's story underscores: |
| | A) | the importance of art education in elementary school. |
| | B) | how placing restrictions, unattainable expectations, and evaluation on creative processes early in life can destroy children's creative enthusiasm. |
| | C) | that we must devote more time and resources to teaching creative processes in elementary school. |
| | D) | how teachers should be sensitive to the needs of those students who demonstrate early artistic ability. |
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2 | |
The growth rate in early childhood: |
| | A) | speeds up. |
| | B) | finally begins to slow down. |
| | C) | continues to slow down. |
| | D) | is about the same as in infancy. |
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3 | |
Two important factors that can produce individual differences in height are: |
| | A) | ethnic origin and nutrition. |
| | B) | genetic predisposition and early behavior. |
| | C) | central nervous system functioning and reduction of fat intake. |
| | D) | standard of living and cost of living. |
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4 | |
Which of the following is NOT a condition that can produce unusually short children? |
| | A) | physical problems |
| | B) | congenital factors |
| | C) | emotional difficulties |
| | D) | ethnic origin |
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5 | |
The Nortons love their son, but are concerned about his lack of height and his slow rate of growth. A medical examination would likely reveal a malfunction of the: |
| | A) | pineal gland. |
| | B) | adrenal gland. |
| | C) | pituitary gland. |
| | D) | medulla. |
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6 | |
Kaneisha is typical of other five-year-old children. Thus we would expect her brain to have reached about _________ of its adult size. |
| | A) | one-half |
| | B) | two-thirds |
| | C) | three-quarters |
| | D) | nine-tenths |
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7 | |
___________ is a process in which the nerve cells are covered and insulated with a layer of fat cells, which increases the speed at which information travels through the nervous system. |
| | A) | Lipid enhancement |
| | B) | Myelination |
| | C) | Neurotransmission |
| | D) | Neural development |
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8 | |
Recent research using brain scans has found that from ages 3 to 15: |
| | A) | the overall size of the brain shows dramatic growth. |
| | B) | there are dramatic changes in local patterns within the brain. |
| | C) | there are dramatic changes in brain size from age 3 to 6, then a slowing of growth thereafter. |
| | D) | many diseases that are manifested later in life can be seen early on. |
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9 | |
The most rapid growth in the brain for children aged 3 to 6 takes place in the: |
| | A) | frontal lobe areas. |
| | B) | temporal lobe areas. |
| | C) | parietal lobes. |
| | D) | occipital lobe. |
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10 | |
The brain is organized according to _________, which are neural networks made up of many neurons that have certain functions. |
| | A) | functional circuits |
| | B) | cortical circuits |
| | C) | neural circuits |
| | D) | cortical pathways |
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11 | |
Most children can focus their eyes and sustain their attention by: |
| | A) | the end of infancy. |
| | B) | age three. |
| | C) | the time they enter preschool. |
| | D) | the time they enter first grade. |
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12 | |
Teri is wearing a patch over her left eye and is doing eye exercises because she has double vision caused by imbalanced eye muscles. She tells her classmates she has a "lazy eye," but in technical terms, Teri has: |
| | A) | functional amblyopia. |
| | B) | glaucoma. |
| | C) | myopia. |
| | D) | presbyopia. |
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13 | |
All of the following are signs suggesting a child might be having vision problems, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | looking down at the ground, not straight ahead. |
| | B) | rubbing the eyes. |
| | C) | seeming irritable when playing games requiring good distance vision. |
| | D) | shutting or covering one eye when looking at something. |
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14 | |
By age three, most children can: |
| | A) | scramble over low jungle gyms. |
| | B) | kick a rolling ball |
| | C) | catch a ball |
| | D) | throw a ball underhanded. |
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15 | |
Which of the following would be considered a fine motor skill? |
| | A) | bouncing a ball |
| | B) | walking a straight line |
| | C) | sorting blocks |
| | D) | printing your name |
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16 | |
Angel was given the Denver Developmental Screening Test, which assesses all of the following, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | language and personal-social ability. |
| | B) | fine motor skills. |
| | C) | gross motor skills |
| | D) | intelligence. |
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17 | |
Junior comes home from school and excitedly shows you his newly acquired artistic skills, a series of circles, X's, and squares. Junior is in Kellogg's stage. |
| | A) | placement |
| | B) | shape |
| | C) | design |
| | D) | pictorial |
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18 | |
Left-handedness is associated with: |
| | A) | early maturation of motor skills. |
| | B) | unusually good visuospatial skills. |
| | C) | cognitive and perceptual deficits. |
| | D) | delinquent tendencies. |
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19 | |
Four-year-old Jose screams in the middle of the night, seems to wake up covered in perspiration and his heart is racing. In the morning he has no memory of what occurred. Jose has had: |
| | A) | a nightmare. |
| | B) | a night terror. |
| | C) | somnambulism. |
| | D) | a flashback. |
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20 | |
When a child is a sleepwalker, the parents should: |
| | A) | avoid waking the child. |
| | B) | seek psychiatric help for the chid. |
| | C) | wake the child to avoid harm. |
| | D) | ignore it, because the child will outgrow this problem. |
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21 | |
What a child eats during the early childhood period affects all of the following, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | skeletal growth. |
| | B) | body shape. |
| | C) | susceptibility to disease. |
| | D) | basal metabolism rate. |
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22 | |
A child's energy needs are determined by: |
| | A) | ORT. |
| | B) | BMR. |
| | C) | PTSD. |
| | D) | MTV. |
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23 | |
As a typical three-year-old, we would expect Hermione's daily routine to include all of the following, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | a fairly good appetite, but small servings. |
| | B) | the ability to feed herself independently when she is hungry. |
| | C) | spearing food with a fork. |
| | D) | being skillful at spreading peanut butter and jelly with a knife. |
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24 | |
One major reason for the increase of fat in the child's diet today is: |
| | A) | lifestyles in which we "eat on the run." |
| | B) | addition of extra fat to processed foods. |
| | C) | change in diets fed to cattle and poultry. |
| | D) | decreased concern over children's dietary intake. |
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25 | |
Ramón is overweight. What is the best recommendation to help him slim down? |
| | A) | Give him snacks only when he has been good. |
| | B) | Put him on a diet that will help him lose weight. |
| | C) | Encourage him to be more active. |
| | D) | Punish him when you find him eating snacks. |
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26 | |
Leach (1991) developed recommendations for toddlers and preschoolers to avoid developing eating problems. These include all of the following, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | use food as a reward. |
| | B) | encourage the child's independence in eating. |
| | C) | let the child eat in any order or combination. |
| | D) | try to keep mealtimes enjoyable. |
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27 | |
The leading cause of death in children one through four years of age in the United States is: |
| | A) | diarrhea. |
| | B) | lead poisoning. |
| | C) | unintentional accidents. |
| | D) | homicide. |
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28 | |
Exposure to ___________ increases children's risk for developing respiratory problems and depleted levels of vitamin C. |
| | A) | tobacco smoke |
| | B) | cocaine |
| | C) | lead |
| | D) | pesticides |
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29 | |
All of the following are major causes of illness in children under age five around the world, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | diarrhea produced by dehydration. |
| | B) | measles. |
| | C) | HIV/AIDS. |
| | D) | anorexia. |
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30 | |
Caregivers concerned about the health of young children can play an important role by: |
| | A) | restraining young children in vehicles with seat belts or specially designed car seats. |
| | B) | encouraging schools to educate children about safety and accident prevention. |
| | C) | installing smoke alarms on every level of a home and in every sleeping area. |
| | D) | all of the above are important. |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education