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The usual method of childbirth is delivery; however, in many instances the baby is removed from the uterus by cutting through the mother’s abdomen in a delivery. |
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The method of childbirth that educates the mother about the physiology of reproduction and teaching breathing and relaxation during delivery to prevent pain is called childbirth, and the method that uses instruction, breathing exercises, and social support to introduce controlled physical responses to make labor easier is childbirth. |
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The first four weeks of life, when the transitions from intrauterine dependence to independent existence is the period. |
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It takes months for the , or soft spots on the baby’s head, to fuse completely. |
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The standard assessment used to measure a newborn’s condition one minute and five minutes after birth is the scale; a much more in-depth neurological and behavioral assessment that measures the neonate’s responses to the environment is the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS). |
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A fetus that has not yet been born at two weeks after the due date, or 42 weeks after the mother’s last menstrual period, is considered , while an infant born before completing the 37th week of gestation is considered or . |
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Preterm babies may be given , a lung coating substance that keeps air sacs from collapsing. |
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Researchers believe that children in developed countries today are growing taller and are maturing sexually at an earlier age than 100 years ago because of better , , and medical care, and a decrease in labor. |
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By birth, the cord and steam (which is responsible for basic bodily functions, such as breathing, heart rate, regulation of body temperature, and the sleep-wake cycle) are almost complete. |
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The four lobes of the cerebral hemisphere are the , which processes visual information, the , which is related to kinesthetic and spatial processes, the , which helps hearing and language; and the , which governs higher level functions such as speech and reasoning. |
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Many behaviors, which are automatic, involuntary, innate responses to stimulation, disappear over the first year of life, possibly due to the of sensory and motor pathways. |
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The Denver Developmental Screening Test measures motor skills, such as rolling over and catching a ball and involve the large muscles, and motor skills, such as grasping a rattle or drawing a square, that involve the small muscles. The test also assesses , , and development. |
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Piaget believes that reaching depends on guidance, but now researchers have found that infants use other cues to reach for an object. |
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