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1 | |
The story of Mary Catherine Bateson's early childhood emphasizes |
| | A) | the importance of biological factors of development. |
| | B) | the harmful effects of divorce on children. |
| | C) | the importance of emotional and social development early in life. |
| | D) | that extended families tend to offer a child greater support than the nuclear family. |
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2 | |
Isabel, a normal 8-month-old child, is most likely to exhibit which characteristic? |
| | A) | play "social games" and try to get responses from people, including other babies |
| | B) | become afraid of strangers and act subdued in new situations |
| | C) | explore her environment, using her caregivers as a secure base |
| | D) | use fantasy and play to work out her awareness of her limitations |
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3 | |
Veronica's cry occurs suddenly with no preliminary moaning and is followed by Veronica holding her breath. This suggests that Veronica is |
| | A) | hungry. |
| | B) | angry. |
| | C) | in pain. |
| | D) | frustrated. |
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4 | |
According to Lewis' model, which of the following emotions develops first? |
| | A) | joy |
| | B) | anger |
| | C) | fear |
| | D) | shame |
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5 | |
Research on empathy suggests that |
| | A) | Piaget was correct in saying empathy does not develop until the concrete operational stage. |
| | B) | empathy is the same thing as sympathy. |
| | C) | development of empathy depends on social cognition, which begins so early in life that it may be an innate potential. |
| | D) | most children are not able to understand that other people have feelings until at least the age of two. |
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6 | |
Stella responds well to novelty and change, has regular feeding and sleeping habits, and adapts easily to new situations. Alexander has irregular sleeping and eating patterns, adapts slowly to new situations, and adjust slowly to new routines. With respect to temperamental patterns, |
| | A) | both Stella and Alexander are slow-to-warm-up children, but display different aspects of this temperament. |
| | B) | Stella is a slow-to-warm-up child; Alexander is a difficult child. |
| | C) | Stella is an easy child; Alexander is a difficult child. |
| | D) | Stella is an easy child; Alexander is a slow-to-warm-up child. |
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7 | |
Which toddler is most likely to remain shy at age 3? |
| | A) | Jay, whose parents accept his reactions |
| | B) | Ross, whose parents push him to try new things |
| | C) | Gary, who has been in day care for two years |
| | D) | Malcolm, whose parents are highly punitive |
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8 | |
When one-year-old Mary was placed in the "Strange Situation," she responded to her mother's return with anger, although she stayed close to her mother during most of the observations. May shows which attachment behavior? |
| | A) | secure |
| | B) | insecure-avoidant |
| | C) | insecure-resistant |
| | D) | disorganized/disoriented |
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9 | |
Research on attachment suggests all of the following except |
| | A) | parental treatment is more important than genetics. |
| | B) | temperament directly affects attachment. |
| | C) | parents' perceptions of their attachment patterns with their parents are good predictors of their children's attachment to them. |
| | D) | security of attachment affects later emotional, social, and cognitive competence. |
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10 | |
Dr. Janek is conducting research to measure mutual regulation in infants two to nine months old. He is using a standard research method that involves infants and their mothers, called the |
| | A) | "Strange Situation." |
| | B) | Harlow method. |
| | C) | National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY). |
| | D) | "Still-face" paradigm. |
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11 | |
Which of the following is not an effective way suggested in the text for dealing with the "terrible twos"? |
| | A) | make your demands clear and forceful |
| | B) | be flexible |
| | C) | offer choices |
| | D) | expect less self-control during times of stress |
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12 | |
Which child is most likely to be what Kochanska would call a committed complier? |
| | A) | Tasha, who tends to forget her mother's instructions when the mother is out of sight |
| | B) | Kolya, who proceeds to touch things right after his father has said, "No! Don't touch!" |
| | C) | Grazyna, whose mother threatens to punish her if the child does not comply |
| | D) | Talya, whose mother uses gentle guidance to achieve compliance |
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13 | |
Which child is most likely to pay attention to her toys than to other children? |
| | A) | 2-month-old Zoe |
| | B) | 10-month-old Yvonne |
| | C) | 14-month-old Xenia |
| | D) | 20-month-old Wanda |
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14 | |
Which of the following factors has the strongest impact on a child's development? |
| | A) | maternal sensitivity |
| | B) | quality of child care |
| | C) | sensitivity of care givers in child care setting |
| | D) | number of hours spent in a child care setting |
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