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1 | |
The basic tenets of rational choice theory are taken from: |
| | A) | sociology. |
| | B) | economics. |
| | C) | psychology. |
| | D) | marketing. |
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2 | |
George Homans argues that all behavior can be explained by ____________ principles. |
| | A) | economic |
| | B) | political |
| | C) | sociological |
| | D) | psychological |
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3 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of Homans's propositions? |
| | A) | success |
| | B) | value |
| | C) | achievement |
| | D) | rationalism |
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4 | |
Homans's rationality proposition says that individuals will choose: |
| | A) | the alternative action with the highest value. |
| | B) | the alternative action with the highest probability of success. |
| | C) | the most rational alternative depending upon opportunity costs. |
| | D) | the alternative with both the highest value and the highest probability of success. |
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5 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Peter Blau's four-stage sequence towards social change? |
| | A) | personal exchange networks between people |
| | B) | differentiation of status and power |
| | C) | legitimization and organization |
| | D) | consensus and stability |
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6 | |
According to Blau, people are attracted to a group when: |
| | A) | they are lonely and need companionship. |
| | B) | they feel that the relationships offer more rewards than those from other groups. |
| | C) | someone they have entrusted with authority tells them to. |
| | D) | the cost of exclusion rises too high. |
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7 | |
For Blau, the need for integration was caused by: |
| | A) | anomie, or a lack of solidarity with the whole. |
| | B) | excessive individual utility maximization. |
| | C) | differentiation of groups into leaders and followers. |
| | D) | norms and values. |
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8 | |
Blau recognized two different types of social organization. They are: |
| | A) | emergent and purposeful. |
| | B) | followers and leaders. |
| | C) | cooperative and competitive. |
| | D) | organic and mechanical. |
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9 | |
For Blau, the mechanisms that mediate among the complex social structures are the ____________ and ____________ that exist within society. |
| | A) | behaviors; structures |
| | B) | individuals; groups |
| | C) | leaders; followers |
| | D) | norms; values |
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10 | |
Which of the following is one of the major differences between Blau and Homans? |
| | A) | Blau recognized the difference between small groups and collectivities. |
| | B) | Homans focused on the behavioral underpinnings of action. |
| | C) | Blau used a rational conception of actors. |
| | D) | Homans paid more attention to macro-level phenomena. |
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11 | |
Richard Emerson moved exchange theory away from ___________ and towards ____________. |
| | A) | psychology; economics |
| | B) | ideology; theory |
| | C) | individuals; structures |
| | D) | rational actors; exchanges |
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12 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of Emerson's components of an exchange network? |
| | A) | There is an agreed-upon geographic locus of exchange. |
| | B) | There are valued resources distributed among actors. |
| | C) | There is a set of exchange opportunities among all actors in the network. |
| | D) | There exists a set of individual or collective actors. |
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13 | |
For exchange theorist like Richard Emerson, Linda Molm, and Karen Cook, power is an inverse function of someone's _____________ in an exchange relationship. |
| | A) | dependence |
| | B) | value |
| | C) | contribution |
| | D) | status |
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14 | |
Network theory focuses on: |
| | A) | actors in networks. |
| | B) | exchanges in networks. |
| | C) | the structure of networks. |
| | D) | behavior in networks. |
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15 | |
Mark Granovetter's strong and weak ties are a component of _____________ theory. |
| | A) | exchange |
| | B) | network |
| | C) | network exchange |
| | D) | rational choice |
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16 | |
Coleman's rational choice theory privileges which of the following linkages? |
| | A) | micro-micro |
| | B) | micro-macro |
| | C) | macro-micro |
| | D) | macro-macro |
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17 | |
For James Coleman, a basic mechanism for moving from individual to group was: |
| | A) | widely acknowledged goals. |
| | B) | granting of authority and rights from one individual to another. |
| | C) | shared norms, values, and goals. |
| | D) | coercion from macro-level structures. |
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18 | |
Coleman linked the existence of chaotic collective behavior to: |
| | A) | norms. |
| | B) | unilateral transfer of control. |
| | C) | the rise of corporate actors. |
| | D) | primordial groups. |
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19 | |
Which of the following is NOT a criticism of rational choice theory discussed by the authors of your text? |
| | A) | It is under-specific in terms of causal mechanisms. |
| | B) | It is over-reliant on the competence of individuals. |
| | C) | It is psychologically reductionist. |
| | D) | It leads to theoretical blind alleys. |
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20 | |
Which of the following theorists is considered to be the father of modern exchange theory? |
| | A) | Richard Emerson |
| | B) | George Homans |
| | C) | James Coleman |
| | D) | Mark Granovetter |
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21 | |
A fundamental difference between rational choice theorists is that they focus on individual decision making, whereas the basic unit of analysis for exchange theorists is the social relationship. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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22 | |
Network theory and rational choice theory operate with the same assumptions regarding actors. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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23 | |
Both George Homans and Peter Blau are exchange theorists. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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24 | |
The basic principles of rational choice theory are rooted in psychology. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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25 | |
Homans felt that all behavior could be explained with a small set of psychological principles. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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26 | |
Exchange theory focuses exclusively on monetary exchanges in relationships. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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27 | |
Blau's notion of social exchange is limited to actions that are contingent (dependent) on rewarding actions from others. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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28 | |
Emerson attempted to move from macro to micro using exchange network structures. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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29 | |
In order to have an exchange network the individuals it is sufficient for individuals to have common membership between them. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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30 | |
James Coleman was interested in synthesizing his rational choice theory with other sociological perspectives. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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2004 McGraw-Hill Higher Education