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1 | |
An example of a primary producer is a |
| | A) | killer whale. |
| | B) | diatom. |
| | C) | copepod. |
| | D) | small fish. |
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2 | |
A food pyramid consists of 10 million calories' worth of diatoms. How much of this is passed on to third level consumers, such as large fishes? |
| | A) | 1 million |
| | B) | 100 thousand |
| | C) | 10 thousand |
| | D) | 1 thousand |
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3 | |
Damselfishes can be raised in captivity. In a small culture pool, only 10 can be kept because, if more are placed in the pool, they fight. Despite abundant food, only the largest 10 fish survive. This population's growth rate is said to be |
| | A) | self-limiting. |
| | B) | exponential. |
| | C) | suffering from limited resources. |
| | D) | shown by a J-shaped curve. |
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4 | |
The major problem in halting the loss of biodiversity may be |
| | A) | there is no evidence of the usefulness of biodiversity to people. |
| | B) | loss of "flagship species" has no effect on other species. |
| | C) | funding to slow the rate of loss of biodiversity has not been committed. |
| | D) | natural ecosystems are not important for human survival. |
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5 | |
A biologist monitors a small area of a sea cliff. Two filter-feeders are present. Over time, one of them, a colonial ascidian, completely overgrows a coral. This interaction is an example of |
| | A) | predation. |
| | B) | an indirect interaction. |
| | C) | a competitive interaction. |
| | D) | resource partitioning. |
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6 | |
An example of predation is |
| | A) | a chiton grazing on algae. |
| | B) | a tunicate sucking in plankton. |
| | C) | a snail drilling a hole into a clam and then sucking out the flesh. |
| | D) | a polychaete worm taking in bacteria-rich sediment. |
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7 | |
Some snails grow thicker shells on exposure to lobsters. This is an example of |
| | A) | mutualism. |
| | B) | an inducible defense. |
| | C) | a facultative symbiosis. |
| | D) | heterotrophy. |
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8 | |
A diver sees a fish swim slowly to a large coral head, where a colorful small fish swims in an odd pattern and approaches the bigger one. The coral head may be |
| | A) | its niche. |
| | B) | a hiding place. |
| | C) | a feeding area. |
| | D) | a cleaning station. |
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9 | |
Larvae of reef fishes may locate a reef by which of these means? |
| | A) | settling into deeper water |
| | B) | hatching where plankton is abundant |
| | C) | riding currents far out to sea |
| | D) | staying close to where their parents produced them |
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10 | |
A killer whale is considered to be a _____ level consumer, while a baleen whale is a _____ level consumer. |
| | A) | sixth, second |
| | B) | second, sixth |
| | C) | sixth, first |
| | D) | third, second |
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11 | |
A sea grass bed is grazed heavily by sea turtles, yet continues to grow, even though it remains very short. The sea grass bed could have a high |
| | A) | primary production rate. |
| | B) | standing crop. |
| | C) | respiratory rate. |
| | D) | nutrient absorption rate. |
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12 | |
Some of the highest primary production in a pelagic environment occurs in |
| | A) | coral reefs. |
| | B) | the Southern Ocean. |
| | C) | coastal upwelling areas. |
| | D) | central ocean gyres. |
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13 | |
Nitrate in the ocean generally comes from |
| | A) | the atmosphere. |
| | B) | acid rain. |
| | C) | weathering of rock. |
| | D) | nitrogen fixation. |
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14 | |
A barnacle exposed to air at low tide inhabits the |
| | A) | littoral zone. |
| | B) | sublittoral zone. |
| | C) | epipelagic zone. |
| | D) | oceanic zone. |
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15 | |
A nektonic invertebrate could be a |
| | A) | tuna. |
| | B) | copepod. |
| | C) | squid. |
| | D) | diatom. |
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