Systems theory provides a framework for understanding something
complex, such as small groups. The small group was described as an open
system with input, throughput (process), and output variables, and having
the properties
of interdependence between components, nonsummativity, and interdependence
with its environment.
Input variables include such items as members’ skills,
knowledge, and other resources. The group, as a system, processes these
resources through
communication among members, thereby transforming them into outputs, including
tangible products, such as reports or recommendations, and intangible products,
such as cohesiveness or changes in members’ perceptions.
Ideal input, throughput, output variables, and environmental
factors were described, with examples provided from the church board introduced
at the beginning of the chapter.
