Doing Philosophy: An Introduction Through Thought Experiments, 2/e

Theodore Schick, Muhlenberg College
Lewis Vaughn

The Problem of Relativism and Morality

The End Justifies the Means: Good Makes Right

Multiple Choice


1	Act-utilitarianism says that what makes an action right is that
		A)	it maximizes absolute values, all things considered.
		B)	it maximizes happiness, everyone considered.
		C)	it serves one's own best interest.
		D)	it maximizes material worth.


2	Utilitarianism conflicts with our basic intuitions regarding
		A)	rights.
		B)	duties.
		C)	justice.
		D)	all of the above.


3	Rule-utilitarianism says that what makes an action right is
		A)	adherence to absolutist rules.
		B)	that it falls under a rule that would maximize happiness.
		C)	that it maximizes happiness in every instance.
		D)	that it does not cause injustices.


4	Act-utilitarianism says that an action is right if
		A)	it maximizes happiness and fairness.
		B)	it promotes justice.
		C)	its consequences promote human rights.
		D)	none of the above.


5	Ewing's thought experiment on utilitarian torture shows that
		A)	justice is served by maximizing happiness.
		B)	act-utilitarianism coincides with out moral intuitions.
		C)	justice is not important in moral decision-making.
		D)	act-utilitarianism can lead to injustice.

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