Please answer all questions. The numbers at the end of each question refer to the textbook page where the question topic is discussed.
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1 | |
Which of the following events occurs during the embryonic period of development? (762) |
| | A) | Implantation occurs. |
| | B) | The germ layers are formed. |
| | C) | The organ systems are formed. |
| | D) | The second trimester is completed. |
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2 | |
A mature sperm cell undergoes capacitation upon (756) |
| | A) | ejaculation |
| | B) | mixing with additives from the seminal vesicles |
| | C) | passing through the acidic vagina |
| | D) | penetrating the zona pellucida of an ovum |
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3 | |
The head of a sperm cell contains digestive enzymes within an organelle called the (756) |
| | A) | basal plate |
| | B) | acrosome |
| | C) | flagellum |
| | D) | corona radiata |
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4 | |
Which of the following events immediately precedes the second meiotic division of an ovum? (756) |
| | A) | implantation |
| | B) | fertilization |
| | C) | the first meiotic division |
| | D) | disintegration of a polar body |
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5 | |
Cleavage is (757) |
| | A) | the first event following the formation of the zygote |
| | B) | the pairing of chromosomes |
| | C) | cellular differentiation |
| | D) | none of the above |
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6 | |
Which of the following pre-embryonic events/structures are in the correct sequence? (757) |
| | A) | cleavage, zygote, morula, implantation, and blastocyst |
| | B) | zygote, cleavage, blastocyst, morula, and implantation |
| | C) | zygote, cleavage, morula, implantation, and blastocyst |
| | D) | zygote, cleavage, morula, blastocyst, and implantation |
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7 | |
All pregnancy tests assay a woman's blood or urine for the presence of (758) |
| | A) | follicle-stimulating hormone |
| | B) | human chorionic gonadotropin |
| | C) | hyaluronidase |
| | D) | amniotic fluid |
| | E) | progesterone/estrogen at certain levels |
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8 | |
The pre-embryonic period of development lasts (757) |
| | A) | 1 day |
| | B) | 1 week |
| | C) | 2 weeks |
| | D) | 6 weeks |
| | E) | 1 trimester |
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9 | |
The pre-embryonic period of development ends when the (760) |
| | A) | blastocyst becomes implanted |
| | B) | morula enters the uterine cavity |
| | C) | placenta is formed |
| | D) | chromosomes are aligned in the zygote |
| | E) | primary germ layers are formed |
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10 | |
All connective tissue, the dermis of the skin, the kidneys, and muscle tissue derive from (761) |
| | A) | ectoderm |
| | B) | endoderm |
| | C) | myoderm |
| | D) | mesoderm |
| | E) | the embryonic disc |
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11 | |
The embryonic period of development lasts (762) |
| | A) | two weeks |
| | B) | four weeks |
| | C) | six weeks |
| | D) | eight weeks |
| | E) | one trimester |
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12 | |
Which of the following are extraembryonic membranes? (762) |
| | A) | yolk sac, allantois, amnion, and chorion |
| | B) | chorion, amnion, yolk sac, and placenta |
| | C) | yolk sac, amnion, placenta, and allantois |
| | D) | allantois, amnion, chorion, and placenta |
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13 | |
The yolk sac produces blood for the embryo until the (764) |
| | A) | heart begins to function |
| | B) | kidneys develop |
| | C) | liver develops |
| | D) | spleen develops |
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14 | |
The decidua basalis is (765) |
| | A) | a component of the umbilical cord |
| | B) | the embryonic conceptus |
| | C) | the embryonic portion of the villous chorion |
| | D) | the maternal portion of the placenta |
| | E) | a vascular membrane derived from the trophoblast |
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15 | |
Which of the following is not a function of the placenta? (765) |
| | A) | production of steroids and hormones |
| | B) | diffusion of nutrients and oxygen |
| | C) | removal of waste products |
| | D) | production of amniotic fluid |
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16 | |
Which of the following could not diffuse across the placenta? (765) |
| | A) | rubella virus |
| | B) | nicotine |
| | C) | heroin |
| | D) | alcohol |
| | E) | none of the above |
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17 | |
The umbilical cord contains (765) |
| | A) | one umbilical artery and two umbilical veins |
| | B) | two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein |
| | C) | one umbilical artery and one umbilical vein |
| | D) | two umbilical arteries and two umbilical veins |
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18 | |
Embryonic induction occurs when (768) |
| | A) | an osmotic gradient exists across the placental barrier |
| | B) | the mother's nutritional intake is not sufficient for both her and the fetus |
| | C) | a tissue stimulates an adjacent tissue to differentiate |
| | D) | the amniotic sac is ruptured |
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19 | |
The human embryonic heart begins pumping blood (768) |
| | A) | 3 weeks after conception |
| | B) | 4 weeks after conception |
| | C) | 5 weeks after conception |
| | D) | 6 weeks after conception |
| | E) | 7 weeks after conception |
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20 | |
Changes during the fifth week include development of the (768) |
| | A) | amnion |
| | B) | head |
| | C) | jaws |
| | D) | heart |
| | E) | appendages |
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21 | |
The most vulnerable period of development for most body organs is the (769) |
| | A) | pre-embryonic period |
| | B) | embryonic period |
| | C) | fetal period |
| | D) | postpartum period |
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22 | |
The fetal period (772) |
| | A) | is the last trimester of development |
| | B) | begins when the fetal heartbeat can be detected |
| | C) | begins when the fetal quickening can be detected |
| | D) | lasts from the beginning of the ninth week until birth |
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23 | |
Ossification centers appear in most bones during the (772) |
| | A) | ninth week |
| | B) | twelfth week |
| | C) | sixteenth week |
| | D) | twentieth week |
| | E) | third trimester |
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24 | |
Which of the following relationships between developmental week and fetal event is incorrect? (774) |
| | A) | seventeenth week, quickening |
| | B) | twelfth week, distinct genitalia |
| | C) | sixteenth week, heartbeat detected with a stethoscope |
| | D) | twentieth week, appearance of the vernix caseosa |
| | E) | fifteenth week, descent of testes into the scrotum in a male fetus |
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25 | |
As the time of birth approaches, the fetus rotates into a (n) (774) |
| | A) | vertex position |
| | B) | crowning position |
| | C) | apex position |
| | D) | parturition position |
| | E) | breech position |
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26 | |
An average (normal) "full-term" baby would have all of the following characteristics except (774) |
| | A) | a total length of 50 cm (20 in.) |
| | B) | a weight of 3,400 gm (7.5 lb) |
| | C) | a pinkish-blue skin color |
| | D) | dense lanugo hair |
| | E) | a prominent chest and swollen external genitalia |
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27 | |
A reliable indication of true labor is (775) |
| | A) | dilation of the cervix |
| | B) | abdominal pain |
| | C) | contraction of the myometrium |
| | D) | both a and c |
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28 | |
Which of the following hormones does (do) not influence labor? (775) |
| | A) | relaxin |
| | B) | oxytocin |
| | C) | estrogen |
| | D) | prostaglandins |
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29 | |
The physiological events of labor include (1) separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, (2) rupture of the amniotic sac, and (3) forceful uterine contractions and abdominal compression. In which order do these occur? (775) |
| | A) | 3, 2, 1 |
| | B) | 1, 2, 3 |
| | C) | 2, 3, 1 |
| | D) | 1, 3, 2 |
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30 | |
The period of parturition, or actual childbirth, is called the (775) |
| | A) | pudendal stage |
| | B) | placental stage |
| | C) | expulsion stage |
| | D) | dilation stage |
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31 | |
Labor can be artificially induced by (775) |
| | A) | the injection of relaxin |
| | B) | the injection of oxytocin |
| | C) | the insertion of prostaglandins into the vagina |
| | D) | the injection of prolactin |
| | E) | both b and c |
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32 | |
The period of growth from birth to the end of the fourth week is the (776) |
| | A) | neonatal period |
| | B) | fetal period |
| | C) | infant period |
| | D) | suckling period |
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33 | |
Which of the following is most critical to the well being of a newborn baby? (776) |
| | A) | adjusting to the colonization of bacteria |
| | B) | an adequate supply of liquids to combat dehydration |
| | C) | the establishment of an adequate respiratory rate |
| | D) | adaptation to thermal stress |
| | E) | adjusting to nocturnal sleeping patterns |
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34 | |
The normal newborn respiratory rate is (776) |
| | A) | 20-30 respirations per minute |
| | B) | 30-40 respirations per minute |
| | C) | 40-50 respirations per minute |
| | D) | 50-60 respirations per minute |
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35 | |
The reflex action of newborns that is not critical for survival is the (776) |
| | A) | suckling reflex |
| | B) | grasping reflex |
| | C) | rooting reflex |
| | D) | crying reflex |
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36 | |
The last fontanel to close in the skull is the (777) |
| | A) | posterior |
| | B) | anterolateral |
| | C) | posterolateral |
| | D) | anterior |
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37 | |
Deciduous teeth begin to erupt in most infants between (777) |
| | A) | 2 and 3 months |
| | B) | 3 and 5 months |
| | C) | 5 and 9 months |
| | D) | 9 and 12 months |
| | E) | 12 and 18 months |
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38 | |
The first physical indication of puberty in females is generally (779) |
| | A) | alkaline vaginal secretions |
| | B) | widening of the pelvis |
| | C) | the development of breast buds |
| | D) | the appearance of axillary hair |
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39 | |
Which of the following is not characteristic of the adult female as compared to that of the adult male? (780) |
| | A) | lower blood pressure |
| | B) | lower red blood cell count |
| | C) | higher basal metabolic rate |
| | D) | faster heart rate |
| | E) | greater percent of body fat |
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40 | |
The genetic inheritance of an individual begins with (782) |
| | A) | nidation |
| | B) | implantation |
| | C) | conception |
| | D) | parturition |
| | E) | coitus |
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41 | |
The twenty-third pair of chromosomes is called the (782) |
| | A) | alleles |
| | B) | autosomal chromosomes |
| | C) | sex chromosomes |
| | D) | homozygous chromosomes |
| | E) | homologous chromosomes |
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42 | |
Alternative forms of a gene that control the same characteristic but produce different phenotypes are called (783) |
| | A) | loci |
| | B) | genotypes |
| | C) | alleles |
| | D) | sex-linked |
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43 | |
If the alleles for a particular trait are identical, the person is said to be __________ for that trait. (783) |
| | A) | recessive |
| | B) | dominant |
| | C) | homozygous |
| | D) | heterozygous |
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44 | |
Given that the gene for free earlobes (E) is dominant, what is the chance of a child having free earlobes is the father is genotype Ee and the mother is genotype ee? (783) |
| | A) | 0% |
| | B) | 25% |
| | C) | 50% |
| | D) | 75% |
| | E) | 100% |
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45 | |
Congenital abnormalities occur most frequently during the (762) |
| | A) | first trimester |
| | B) | second trimester |
| | C) | third trimester |
| | D) | period of parturition |
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46 | |
The most frequent location of an ectopic pregnancy is the (785) |
| | A) | vagina |
| | B) | cervix |
| | C) | uterine tube |
| | D) | peritoneal lining |
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47 | |
Placenta previa (785) |
| | A) | is a premature separation of the fetus and the placenta |
| | B) | causes complications at birth due to the placenta being delivered before the fetus |
| | C) | is the clinical condition in which the developing placenta blocks the cervical opening |
| | D) | is a placental monitoring technology using ultrasound. |
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48 | |
Twins that develop from two zygotes resulting from the fertilization of two ova by two sperm in the same ovulatory cycle are called (785) |
| | A) | monozygotic twins |
| | B) | conjoined twins |
| | C) | dizygotic twins |
| | D) | identical twins |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education