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Chapter 16: The Adaptive Immune Response
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1
An antigen is
A)a molecule that reacts specifically with an antibody or immune lymphocyte.
B)a hypervariable region of an antibody.
C)the constant region of an antibody.
D)a cytokine.
E)none of the above.
2
Immunoglobins
A)are glycoproteins.
B)recognize and bind to foreign substances.
C)increase phagocytosis.
D)neutralize toxins.
E)all of the above.
3
IgM
A)has five antigen-binding sites.
B)has the ability to cross the placenta.
C)attaches to mast cells and basophils.
D)has five constant regions.
E)is secreted into saliva.
4
The epitope is
A)the part of the antibody that binds to the antigen.
B)the part of the antibody that binds to the T helper cell.
C)part of the antigen that is bound by the antibody.
D)part of the hypervariable region of the antibody.
E)none of the above.
5
IgE is
A)involved with the allergic reaction.
B)the antibody that crosses the placenta for the child's immune response.
C)the receptor for antigens on the B lymphocyte.
D)secreted into the intestinal tract.
E)none of the above.
6
Which of the following is FALSE?
A)T helper cells release cytokines.
B)T helper cells activate specific B cells.
C)T helper cells are antigen specific.
D)T helper cells kill virus-infected cells.
E)T helper cells have CD4 on the cell surface.
7
MHC class I proteins
A)are present on only immune system cells.
B)are specific for certain antigens.
C)induce non-specific antibody response.
D)present viral antigens when a cell is infected.
E)none of the above.
8
Which of the following is FALSE?
A)MHC class II molecules are present on only immune system cells.
B)MHC class II molecules are specific for certain antigens.
C)MHC class II molecules present antigen to T helper cells.
D)MHC class II molecules are principally found on the professional antigen-presenting cells.
E)all of the above.
9
Dendritic cells and macrophages start the immune response by
A)degrading MHC class I proteins and presenting them on the surface of their cells.
B)degrading foreign proteins and presenting them on MHC class II proteins.
C)producing cytokines to recruit T helper cells.
D)activating B cells directly.
E)none of the above.
10
Which of the following is FALSE? T-cell-dependent antigens
A)interact with macrophages.
B)interact with T helper cells.
C)interact with B cells.
D)interact with plasma cells.
E)are bound on MHC class II proteins for presentation.
11
Clonal expansion
A)affects only memory cells.
B)only happens to B cells as they become plasma cells.
C)occurs with both T cells and B cells.
D)happens only with B cells that produce IgE.
E)a and b.
12
Which of the following is FALSE? By having a clonal expansion of B cells, the body is able to
A)give a stronger antibody response to a second antigen challenge.
B)give a slower antibody response to a second antigen challenge.
C)only produce an IgG response to second antigen challenge.
D)speed up the IgM response to the second antigen challenge.
E)allows for more memory cells to be produced.
13
Which of the following is FALSE? The cell-mediated immune response involves
A)B cells.
B)MHC class I molecules.
C)cytotoxic T cells.
D)CD8 molecules.
E)clonal expansion.
14
Which of the following is FALSE? Cytotoxic T cells
A)recognize virus-infected cells.
B)are activated by tumor necrosis factor.
C)kill target cells by inducing apoptosis.
D)contain CD8.
E)can act as plasma cells.
15
The Fab region of an antibody:
A)is important in cellular recognition.
B)is constant for antibodies in the same class.
C)binds to the antigen.
D)is not found in all antibody classes.
E)none of the above.
16
The maternal IgG antibodies decrease in a child because
A)the child is not exposed to the antigen anymore.
B)antibody production is decreased in the newborn child.
C)maternal antibodies are cleared from the child's system in 6 months.
D)IgM antibodies are the major maternal antibody given.
E)none of the above.
17
Which of the following is FALSE? The natural killer (NK) cell
A)kills based on interaction with Fc parts of antibodies that are bound to antigens.
B)releases granules that kill target cells.
C)can kill cancer cells.
D)is part of the cytotoxic T cell response.
E)can kill virus-infected cells.
18
Opsonization
A)is the killing of target cells by cytotoxic T cells.
B)is the secretory component of IgA.
C)helps increase phagocytosis.
D)is the interaction that allows IgG to cross the placenta.
E)None of the above.
19
CD4+ cells are
A)T helper cells.
B)cytotoxic T cells.
C)macrophages.
D)B cells.
E)All of the above.
20
A plasma cell is a _____ cell that produces ______.
A)T, cytokines.
B)cytotoxic T, cell-killing.
C)macrophage, antigens.
D)B, antibodies.
E)CD3, antibodies.
21
Many physicians prefer mother's milk over cow's milk for infants. This is because mother's milk has the following property not found in cow's milk.
A)Antibodies against human disease
B)Proteins for growing human muscle
C)More essential amino acids
D)MHCs for maturing the infant's immune system
E)B cells
22
Anti-idiotype antibodies are naturally-occurring antibodies that stick to the antigen-binding sites of specific antibodies. What is their probable effect on the adaptive immune response?
A)Accelerates the binding of antibodies to antigens.
B)Interferes with the binding of antibodies to antigens.
C)Prevents autoimmune disease.
D)Stimulates opsonization.
E)Counteracts the complement cascade.
23
A genetically engineered drug that binds to the heavy chain of IgE would be most useful for:
A)Controlling transplant rejection.
B)Reducing blood transfusion illness.
C)Building up innate immunity.
D)Enhancing opsonization.
E)Treating allergies.
24
Researchers at the National Institutes of Health learned that cells from the mother migrate into the fetus during early development of humans. These cells usually remain for the life of the person. This very likely affects the immune system in the following way:
A)Reducing the chance of transplant rejection in father to child transplants.
B)Increasing the chance of transplant rejection in child to father transplants.
C)Reducing the chance of transplant rejection in child to mother transplants.
D)Reducing the chance of transplant rejection in mother to child transplants.
E)It is just a curiosity and has no effect on transplant rejection.
25
Computer modeling of drugs is extensively used in the pharmaceutical industry to evaluate the safety of drug components. Why would it be difficult to use computer-generated images of chemicals to determine whether a particular chemical can cause an immune response?
A)It is difficult to predict whether a chemical acts as a hapten.
B)It is difficult to make computer models of antibodies.
C)It is difficult to make computer models of antigens.
D)It is difficult to predict the binding of the antibody-antigen complex.
E)Even supercomputers do not have the memory to handle such calculations.





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