In all the chapters the Case Studies represent situations similar to those that the medical assistant may encounter in daily practice. Students are encouraged to consider the case study as they read each chapter.

Last week at his yearly physical, a 53-year-old male patient was diagnosed with high blood pressure. After many tests, the patient was diagnosed as having atherosclerosis of the left renal artery. All routine lab test results were normal, and the patient did not have any endocrine organ disorders.

As you read this chapter, consider the following questions:

1. How does atherosclerosis affect blood flow?

2. How does atherosclerosis of a renal artery produce high blood pressure?

3. What lifestyle changes should this patient make?

4. What can happen to the patient's kidney if his atherosclerosis is not treated?