The ability to reproduce is one of the basic characteristics of life. The male and female reproductive systems work together to produce offspring. The male produces sperm and delivers them to the female. The female produces ova and once fertilization occurs, she nurtures the fetus until birth. The medical assistant must understand the anatomy and physiology of the reproductive systems in order to assist with exams and procedures such as colposcopy and vasectomy. Knowledge of the system is also important when teaching patients about breast and testicular selfexamination and sexually transmitted diseases.