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| 1 | |
The inquisitorial system of justice? |
| | A) | allowed the use of torture and "trial by ordeal" |
| | B) | considered the accused guilty until proven innocent |
| | C) | was a precursor to the adversary system of justice |
| | D) | a and b only |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 2 | |
Which is NOT characteristic of the adversary system of justice? |
| | A) | due process of law |
| | B) | burden of proof is placed on the defendant |
| | C) | the judge as impartial arbiter |
| | D) | innocence until proven guilty |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following cases did NOT play a role in the nationalization of the Bill of Rights? |
| | A) | Hurtado v. California |
| | B) | Powell v. Alabama |
| | C) | Robinson v. California |
| | D) | Palko v. Connecticut |
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| 4 | |
Which of the first 8 amendments that apply to specific rights of individuals are NOT binding on the states? |
| | A) | the Second Amendment right to bear arms |
| | B) | the Seventh Amendment right to a jury trial |
| | C) | the Eighth Amendment protection against excessive bail |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 5 | |
Substantive due process, which refers to the subject matter of the law, incorporates all of the following components EXCEPT? |
| | A) | void-for-vagueness doctrine |
| | B) | protection against unreasonable, arbitrary, or capricious laws |
| | C) | requirement of a hearing, an opportunity to present a defense, and an impartial tribunal |
| | D) | none of the above |
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| 6 | |
A plea is entered at which stage? |
| | A) | booking |
| | B) | initial appearance |
| | C) | preliminary hearing |
| | D) | arraignment |
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| 7 | |
At the booking phase, reasons for dropping charges include all of the following EXPECT: |
| | A) | a suspect was arrested for a minor misdemeanor |
| | B) | there was a procedural error by the police |
| | C) | it was determined that there was lack of probable cause for the arrest |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 8 | |
Which is NOT a component of due process? |
| | A) | it is a specific rule of law |
| | B) | it implies the administration of laws that do not violate the foundations of civil liberties |
| | C) | its violation depends on the facts and circumstances of each case |
| | D) | it is an assertion of a fundamental principle of justice |
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| 9 | |
The victim advocacy movement has been associated with? |
| | A) | The President's Task Force on Victims of Crime |
| | B) | victim compensation programs |
| | C) | the use of victim-impact statements |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following is the reason for which a defendant who is found guilty may appeal a conviction: |
| | A) | the sentence imposed was "cruel and unusual" |
| | B) | due process was not followed |
| | C) | new evidence has come available |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 11 | |
During the Middle Ages laws sanctioned the use of torture to elicit confessions. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 12 | |
The Bill of Rights, which refers to the first 10 amendments to the Constitution, is significant because it restricts the government, rather than individuals and private groups. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 13 | |
In Baron v. Baltimore, the Supreme Court in 1833 extended the Bill of Rights to state and local governments |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 14 | |
The right to privacy is not specifically cited in the Bill of Rights or anywhere in the U.S. Constitution, although it was found to be implicit by the Supreme Court in Griswold v. Connecticut. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 15 | |
The Patriot Act protect individuals from "guilt by association." |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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