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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
According to Ashenfelter and Johnson, strikes occur because
A)management and union leaders hold different expectations of strike outcomes.
B)union leaders often hold higher expectations of strike outcomes than union members.
C)union members are often isolated from the mainstream of society and are thus more likely to take out their frustration on society.
D)they serve as a device to lower the expectations of union members.
2
What happened to strike activity in the U.S. during the 1980's?
A)Unions used strikes as offensive weapons in order to gain more concessions from management.
B)Employers were more willing to hire replacement workers in their attempts to break strikes and unions.
C)Employers rarely turned to decertification elections to eliminate union representation.
D)U.S. strike activity increased tremendously as compared to the 1970's.
3
Why is integrative bargaining hard to accomplish?
A)There is often conflict within the negotiating group which makes it difficult to achieve unanimous consent.
B)Parties are often in conflict because they have trouble dividing up the gains or profits from integrative solutions.
C)Integrative bargaining requires the withholding of information from the other side. Thus, unions and management do not trust each other.
D)Since bargaining is done on a win or lose basis, negotiations often lead to increased conflicts.
4
Which of the following is true concerning steel negotiations in the 1980's?
A)In 1986 bargaining became more centralized, and subsequently took place on a company by company basis.
B)Labor relations were particularly good at U.S. Steel (USX).
C)A conciliatory relationship has emerged between labor and management in part as an outgrowth of joint regulatory lobbying.
D)It marked the first use of internet and video conferencing by a union to communicate on-line as negotiations occurred.
5
Which of the following is not an accurate way for a union to judge its success in increasing wages for members after negotiations?
A)Comparing the wage adjustment minus the cost of living for prior contracts and the current one.
B)Comparing the nominal increase in wages for prior contracts and the current one.
C)Comparing the settlement with other bargaining unit settlements during the same time period.
D)Comparing the settlement with other unions' settlements during the same time period.





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