Here are suggested answers to the Definitions items in this chapter of the Online Learning Center website.

1. Communicative burden as it relates to oral testing in the classroom is best defined as the responsibility that an individual test taker must shoulder to initiate, respond, manage, and negotiate an oral event.
2. The washback effect occurs when the format and content of a test have an effect on what instructors do in the classroom
3. We say that a test has inter-rater reliability if all raters of a particular test evaluate the test in the same way.