When you finish studying the material in this chapter, you should be able to:

• Compare and contrast the rational model of decision making, Simon’s normative model, and the ‘garbage can’ model.
• Discuss the contingency relationships that influence the three primary strategies used to select solutions.
• Explain the model of decision-making styles.
• Describe the model of escalation of commitment.
• Summarise the advantages and disadvantages of involving groups in the decision-making process.
• Explain how participative management affects performance.
• Compare brainstorming, the nominal group technique, Delphi technique and computer-aided decision-making.
• Describe the stages of the creative process.
• Explain the model of organisational creativity and innovation.