21.1 The Lymphatic System

1			Which of the following statements is incorrect?
			A)	Lymphatic capillaries are closed at one end.
			B)	Lymphatic capillaries are composed of thin epithelial cells that loosely overlap each other, creating flaps that can open and close.
			C)	Lymphatic capillaries fill when tissue fluid pressure is low.
			D)	Lymphatic capillaries are absent from cartilage, bone, and brain tissue.
2			Lymphatic capillaries are anchored to the tissues by protein filaments that regulate lymph flow from tissues. When pressure in the tissue is high
			A)	the valves open and lymph is taken up into the vessel.
			B)	the valves close and lymph is not taken up into the vessel.
			C)	the valves open and lymph flows into the tissues.
			D)	the valves close and lymph flows into the tissues.
3			The three main functions of the lymphatic system include all but which of the following?
			A)	fluid recovery
			B)	immunity
			C)	waste removal
			D)	lipid absorption
4			Lymphatic vessels are different from veins in that they have ______ and _______.
			A)	thinner walls; fewer valves
			B)	thicker walls; fewer valves
			C)	thinner walls; more valves
			D)	thicker walls; more valves
5			The _______ is larger and longer than the _______.
			A)	thoracic duct; right lymphatic duct
			B)	cisterna chili; right lymphatic duct
			C)	right lymphatic duct; thoracic duct
			D)	cisterna chili; inferior vena cava
6			Lymph flows into a lymph node through the
			A)	hilum.
			B)	cortex.
			C)	afferent lymphatic vessel.
			D)	efferent lymphatic vessel.

21.2 Nonspecific Resistance

7			Which of the following inhibitors of microbial growth is a component of the perspiration on our skin?
			A)	keratin
			B)	lactic acid
			C)	defensin
			D)	mucus
8			Which of the following terms means to coat bacteria, making them easier to phagocytize by macrophages and neutrophils?
			A)	opsonization
			B)	complement fixation
			C)	pyrexia
			D)	MAC coating
9			When a white blood cell manages to ooze through the gap between two endothelial cells on its way to attack an invader, we say it has exhibited ________________.
			A)	margination
			B)	phagocytosis
			C)	chemotaxis
			D)	adhesion
			E)	diapedesis
10			This type of leukocyte produces enzymes that will create hydrogen peroxide to kill bacteria.
			A)	neutrophils
			B)	eosinophils
			C)	basophils
			D)	lymphocytes
11			This type of macrophage lines the sinusoids of the liver.
			A)	hepatic macrophages
			B)	alveolar macrophages
			C)	microglia
			D)	Langerhans cells

21.3 General Aspects of Specific Immunity

12			Receiving gamma globulin as a treatment for rabies would be considered
			A)	an example of natural active immunity.
			B)	an example of artificial active immunity.
			C)	a vaccination.
			D)	an example of artificial passive immunity.
			E)	an example of natural passive immunity.
13			Molecules which elicit an immune response are called ________________.
			A)	APCs
			B)	agglutinins
			C)	antibodies
			D)	antigens

21.4 Cellular Immunity

14			Infected cells of the pancreas would display a foreign antigen fragment on a(n)
			A)	complement 3b.
			B)	immunoglobulin A.
			C)	MAC membrane complex.
			D)	MHC I.
			E)	MHC II.
15			These cells recognize non-self antigens and produce interleukins to stimulate the cells that actually make the antibodies.
			A)	cytotoxic T
			B)	helper T
			C)	suppressor T
			D)	natural killers
			E)	memory T

21.5 Humoral Immunity

16			Antibodies use all of the following mechanisms to attack pathogens directly except ________________.
			A)	agglutination
			B)	complement fixation
			C)	cell lysis
			D)	precipitation
			E)	neutralization
17			If you were inoculated with hepatitis A vaccine, a population of this type of cell would begin to make the appropriate antibody.
			A)	neutrophils
			B)	helper T lymphocytes
			C)	B lymphocytes
			D)	cytotoxic T lymphocytes
			E)	natural killers

21.6 Immune System Disorders

18			When antibodies produced to react against bacteria also react against self-antigens, the resulting condition is an example of a(n):
			A)	immunodeficiency disease.
			B)	autoimmune disease.
			C)	allergy.
			D)	cellular immune response.
19			Which of the following is a false statement concerning Type I hypersensitivity reactions?
			A)	Anaphylactic shock occurs when an allergen such as bee venom is introduced into the bloodstream.
			B)	Asthma victims are reacting only to inhaled allergens.
			C)	Symptoms occurring during both asthma and anaphylactic shock are due to an excessive release of histamine.
			D)	Acetylcholine relieves these symptoms by dilating bronchioles and increasing cardiac output.
20			Which of the four classes of hypersensitivity is a cellular immune response, and not a humoral immune response?
			A)	Type I
			B)	Type II
			C)	Type III
			D)	Type IV