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| 1 | |
__________ refers to the number of years a person is likely to live when he or she is born. |
| | A) | Life span |
| | B) | Life expectancy |
| | C) | Centenarian |
| | D) | Cellular clock |
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| 2 | |
The average life expectancy for a person born today in the United States is __________ years. |
| | A) | 55 |
| | B) | 68 |
| | C) | 78 |
| | D) | 83 |
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| 3 | |
Individuals who are over 100 years of age are called: |
| | A) | elderly. |
| | B) | centenarians. |
| | C) | young-old. |
| | D) | longevity. |
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| 4 | |
The free-radical theory of aging suggests that: |
| | A) | aging in the body's hormonal system may lower resilience to stress and increase the likelihood of disease. |
| | B) | people age because inside their cells normal metabolism produces unstable oxygen molecules that ricochet around the cells damaging DNA and other cellular structures. |
| | C) | cells can divide only a certain number of times and that, as we age, our cells become increasingly less capable of dividing. |
| | D) | when using the terms young-old, old-old, and oldest-old, we should refer to a person's functional rather than chronological age. |
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| 5 | |
Which of the following is a common physical change in late adulthood? |
| | A) | height loss |
| | B) | increased sensitivity to pain |
| | C) | mildly diminished hearing |
| | D) | extremely diminished sense of taste and smell |
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| 6 | |
When bone tissue loss becomes severe, an older adult has developed: |
| | A) | glaucoma. |
| | B) | cataracts. |
| | C) | osteoporosis. |
| | D) | arthritis. |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following statements regarding exercise, nutrition, and weight in late adulthood is true? |
| | A) | Longitudinal studies have shown food restriction to increase life span in humans. |
| | B) | Aerobic exercise and strength training are not recommended for adults over age 55. |
| | C) | Vitamin supplements have been shown conclusively to slow the aging process and improve older adults' health. |
| | D) | Maintaining healthy lifestyles, including exercise, proper diet, and weight control is associated with greater longevity. |
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| 8 | |
What percentage of U.S. adults 65 years of age and over reside in a nursing home? |
| | A) | 3% |
| | B) | 13% |
| | C) | 23% |
| | D) | 50% |
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| 9 | |
Alternatives to nursing homes include all the following except: |
| | A) | home health care. |
| | B) | gerontologists. |
| | C) | preventive medicine clinics. |
| | D) | elder-care centers. |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following statements regarding the nature of cognitive change in adulthood is true? |
| | A) | Most dimensions of cognition decline in late adulthood. |
| | B) | Most dimensions of cognition remain stable or improve in late adulthood. |
| | C) | Cognition is unidimensional. Thus, cognitive change tends to be "all or nothing." |
| | D) | Some dimensions of cognition decline, while others remain stable or improve. |
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| 11 | |
Which of the following dimensions tends not to decrease in late adulthood? |
| | A) | sustained attention |
| | B) | working memory |
| | C) | speed of processing information |
| | D) | perceptual speed |
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| 12 | |
__________ memory is the retention of information about the where and when of life's happenings. |
| | A) | Semantic |
| | B) | Episodic |
| | C) | Implicit |
| | D) | Explicit |
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| 13 | |
Another name for implicit memory is __________ memory. |
| | A) | declarative |
| | B) | working |
| | C) | wisdom |
| | D) | unconscious |
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| 14 | |
Which of the following is not a noncognitive factor influencing older adult performance on memory tasks? |
| | A) | health |
| | B) | education |
| | C) | beliefs |
| | D) | socioeconomic status |
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| 15 | |
K. Warner Schaie's research focuses on the important links between __________ and the cognitive functioning of older adults. |
| | A) | education |
| | B) | work |
| | C) | training |
| | D) | economics |
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| 16 | |
Which of the following is a true statement regarding work and late adulthood? |
| | A) | Today, the percentage of men over age 65 who continue to work full time is more than at the beginning of the 20th century. |
| | B) | There has been a decrease in part-time work among those in late adulthood. |
| | C) | Some individuals continue a life of strong work productivity throughout late adulthood. |
| | D) | Retirement is a 19th-century phenomenon. |
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| 17 | |
Compared with younger workers, older workers are more likely to: |
| | A) | have higher absenteeism. |
| | B) | have more accidents. |
| | C) | report lower job satisfaction. |
| | D) | experience age-related negative stereotypes. |
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| 18 | |
__________ is a mood disorder in which the individual is deeply unhappy, demoralized, and often bored. |
| | A) | Alzheimer disease |
| | B) | Dementia |
| | C) | Major depression |
| | D) | Parkinson disease |
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| 19 | |
__________ is a global term for any neurological disorder in which the primary symptoms involve a deterioration of mental functioning. |
| | A) | Parkinson disease |
| | B) | Alzheimer disease |
| | C) | Depression |
| | D) | Dementia |
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| 20 | |
Early-onset Alzheimer disease accounts for __________% of cases. |
| | A) | 20 |
| | B) | 10 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 30 |
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