New York Science Grade 6

Chapter 5: Thermal Energy

Thermal Energy

1
Thermal energy is the __________ of the particles in a material.
A)potential energy
B)total energy
C)temperature
D)average kinetic energy
2
Which of the following atomic particles is instrumental in the transfer of thermal energy?
A)proton
B)neutron
C)nucleus
D)electron
3
__________ is an increase in the size of a substance when the temperature is increased.
A)Buoyancy
B)Kinetic fusion
C)Thermal expansion
D)Diffusion
4
__________ is the thermal energy that flows from a material with a higher temperature to one with a lower temperature.
A)Heat
B)Kinetic energy
C)Work
D)Potential energy
5
Which of the following statements about thermal energy transfer is true?
A)When heat is transferred by conduction, particles collide but remain in the same location.
B)Convection does not occur naturally.
C)The Sun is the only source of radiation.
D)Convection takes place most easily in solids.
6
A material with which of the following specific heats will require the least heat to change its temperature?
A)50 J/(kg K)
B)1000 J/(kg K)
C)10 J/(kg K)
D)100 J/(kg K)
7
Which of the following is a form of matter?
A)light
B)heat
C)air
D)energy
8
The __________ of a substance is the temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy.
A)heat of fusion
B)heat of vaporization
C)melting point
D)boiling point
9
A(n) __________ is a material that does not allow heat to move through it easily.
A)conductor
B)fluid
C)current
D)insulator
10
The amount of energy needed to change a substance from a solid phase to a liquid phase is __________.
A)heat of vaporization
B)heat of fusion
C)heat of transformation
D)melting point
11
__________ is the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves.
A)Conduction
B)Radiation
C)Refraction
D)Convection
12
__________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
A)Density
B)Temperature
C)Conduction
D)Radiation
13
Which of the following conducts heat most effectively?
A)gas
B)liquid
C)solid
D)plasma
14
__________ is the transfer of energy by the motion of heated particles in a gas or liquid.
A)Collision
B)Conduction
C)Radiation
D)Convection
15
What is the basis for the way a mercury thermometer measures temperature?
A)Forced convection occurs and the level of the mercury rises.
B)Molecular collisions cause the mercury to expand.
C)The pressure of the surrounding material increases the potential energy of the mercury.
D)As the kinetic energy of the liquid mercury decreases, its volume increases.
16
The opposite of evaporation is __________.
A)radiation
B)conduction
C)convection
D)condensation
17
If the particles in an object begin to move more quickly, their average kinetic energy __________ and the object's temperature __________.
A)decreases, rises
B)increases, rises
C)increases, falls
D)decreases, falls
18
A(n) __________ is any device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy.
A)generator
B)engine
C)refrigerator
D)heat pump
19
You are plannning an experiment that must be conducted at a room temperature of 25°C. What temperature setting on the room thermostat should you select, if it uses the Fahrenheit scale?
A)46
B)68
C)77
D)70
20
Which of the following statements is true?
A)The equation for converting from Celsius to Kelvin is: °C = K + 273.
B)Absolute zero is equal to 0°Celsius.
C)Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature.
D)At 0°C, molecules have no kinetic energy.
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