Environmental Science, 11th Edition (Cunningham)

Chapter 12: Biodiversity: Preserving Landscapes

Practice Quiz

1
Which country has the highest rate of total deforestation?
A)Burundi
B)United States
C)Japan
D)none of the above
2
The term, _______, refers to the practice of eliminating a country's national debt if it agrees to protect or restore areas of biological significance.
A)mitigation
B)sloss
C)debt-for-nature swap
D)none of the above
3
Road building in forests can lead to fragmentation as well as erosion.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
4
The chief cause of desertification is clear-cutting of old growth forests.
A)True
B)False
5
Fuelwood accounts for nearly half of global wood consumption.
A)True
B)False
6
Which of the following is the branch of science that focuses on relationships between large scale spatial patterns and ecological processes?
A)Population Ecology
B)Landscape Ecology
C)Restorative Ecology
D)None of the above
7
Preserve managers use natural habitat corridors to allow movement of species from one area to another.
A)True
B)False
8
The _______ encourages the division of protected areas into zones with different purposes and levels of human impact.
A)Man and Biosphere Program
B)Biosphere Reserve
C)Chipko Andolan Movement
D)IUCN world conservation strategy
9
Developed countries like the United States produce less than half of the world’s industrial wood but consume about _______ percent.
A)36
B)49
C)65
D)80
E)95
10
The disadvantages of monoculture forestry include all of the following except
A)it is slow growing
B)it supports little biodiversity
C)it doesn’t prevent soil erosion very well
D)it provides limited production of clean water
11
What percentage of the world’s forests is under some level of protection?
A)8
B)12
C)26
D)37
E)42
12
A promising approach to encourage conservation and preservation in developing countries is
A)utilitarian conservation
B)biocentric preservation
C)ecosystem management
D)debt-for-nature swaps
E)pastoralism
13
Infestation by beetles in the United States and Canada has led to millions of dead trees which represent a substantial fire danger.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
14
Fire prevention efforts have actually increased the chances of very big fires by allowing fuel to accumulate.
A)True
B)False
15
The cost of maintaining public rangelands for grazing in the US is about $47 million. The sale of grazing permits on public lands amounts to
A)$11 million
B)$36 million
C)$48 million
D)$58 million
E)$83 million
16
Scientists have found that the number of organisms in marine refuges that do not allow fishing is not appreciably different from surrounding areas where fishing is allowed
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
17
"Paper parks" are frequently found in the developing world. Which of the following are characteristic of these?
A)They are managed to extract wood for pulp and paper production.
B)There is little in the way of infrastructure or enforcement of rules.
C)They are designed for ecotourism, rather than conservation or sustainability.
D)All of the above
18
Habitat corridors
A)effectively create a large reserve out of small ones.
B)do not help maintain genetic diversity.
C)can link several small viable populations.
D)more than one of the above is correct.
19
The term "old-growth forest" refers to any tract of land in which a majority of the trees are over 100 years old.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
20
The world's largest tropical forest is in
A)Southeast Asia
B)South America
C)Africa
D)India
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