Environmental Science, 11th Edition (Cunningham)

Chapter 14: Geology and Earth Resources

Practice Quiz

1
Earth's largest mountains are found
A)under the sea.
B)in the Indian subcontinent.
C)forming the mountainous backbone of western South America.
D)in the western U.S. and Canada.
2
The most common element in the earth's crust is
A)iron.
B)oxygen.
C)nickel.
D)aluminum.
3
Rocks formed from solidified magma are known as ________ rocks.
A)sedimentary
B)igneous
C)metamorphic
4
Weathering of rocks results fromwind.
A)wind.
B)water.
C)temperature change.
D)all of the above.
5
Forces of weathering are most directly responsible for __________ rocks.
A)sedimentary
B)igneous
C)metamorphic
6
A significant portion of the global jewelry trade is associated with __________.
A)inhumane labor conditions
B)environmental destruction
C)despotic rulers and terrorism
D)all of the above
7
A lesson from the Ducktown, Tennessee mining experience is that mineral exploitation
A)produce great wealth but at great social and environmental cost.
B)be done in an environmentally sound way.
C)significantly improve the health of local people.
D)actually enhance the biotic resources of a region.
8
Minimills produce steel
A)from scrap steel and iron.
B)at less than half the cost of conventional mills.
C)with one third the energy consumption of conventional mills.
D)with all the above characteristics.
9
Converting raw ore into products such as aluminum, steel, and copper requires ________ energy than/as producing these materials from scrap.
A)much more
B)somewhat more
C)about the same amount of
D)less
10
The continents are the lightest part of earth's crust.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
11
Mechanical weathering changes both the physical and chemical composition of rocks.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
12
Existing U.S. mining law is based on legislation passed in 1872.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
13
Using recycled materials utilizes about as much energy as required to process virgin ore.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
14
Volcanoes move material from earth's mantle to earth's crust.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
15
Iron and aluminum are examples of minerals based on their unique crystal structure.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
16
Underground coal mines have a high risk of fires, which can burn for many years.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
17
Smelting is a major source of air pollution which involves _____.
A)Washing ores at high pressure to release metals
B)Roasting ores to release metals
C)Mechanically removing metals from ores
D)None of the above
18
Recycling aluminum beverage cans ______.
A)Consumes more energy than making new aluminum.
B)Consumes 1/20 of the energy required to make new aluminum
C)Is not effective because only 1/10 of all beverage cans are recycled
D)None of the above
19
Which of the following statements is false?
A)Eathquakes occur along faults
B)Tsunamis are generally the cause of earthquakes
C)The largest North American earthquake in recorded history occurred in Missouri
D)Earthquakes are generally followed by a series of aftershocks
20
Landslides and mudslides are examples of ________.
A)Mass wasting
B)Geologic processes in which materials are moved downslope by force of gravity
C)geologic processes that only occur after volcanic eruptions
D)1 and 2 are correct
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