American History: A Survey (Brinkley), 13th Edition

Chapter 19: FROM CRISIS TO EMPIRE

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
A significant characteristic of American politics at the national level during the late nineteenth century was the
A)development of a true multiparty system.
B)dominance of the Republican Party in popular support.
C)dominance of the Democratic Party in popular support.
D)nearly equal division of popular support for the Democratic and Republican Parties.
E)support southern states gave to the Republican Party.
2
In the late nineteenth century, which of the following groups would least likely vote Democrat?
A)Roman Catholics of immigrant origin
B)Protestant farmers of the South
C)unskilled wage earners
D)poor workers
E)northern blacks
3
The most powerful institutions in national politics were
A)the president and Cabinet.
B)the House and Senate.
C)the courts.
D)the Senate.
E)the political parties.
4
Which of the following acts was passed to a considerable extent as a result of the assassination of Garfield?
A)the Mills Tariff Act
B)the Pendleton Civil Service Act
C)the Sherman Antitrust Act
D)the Dependent Pension Act
E)the Interstate Commerce Act
5
The most significant issue in the presidential election of 1888 was
A)civil service reform.
B)the Mulligan letters.
C)free silver.
D)the tariff.
E)Reconstruction.
6
Which of the following pieces of legislation was stringently enforced by the federal courts?
A)the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
B)the Interstate Commerce Act
C)both the Sherman Anti-Trust Act and the Interstate Commerce Act
D)neither the Sherman Anti-Trust Act nor the Interstate Commerce Act
E)the Pendleton Act.
7
Which piece of legislation caused significant political damage for the Republicans in the 1890 congressional elections?
A)the McKinley Tariff
B)the Pendleton Act
C)the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
D)the Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act
E)the Interstate Commerce Act
8
The so-called Granger laws were designed to regulate
A)child labor.
B)the export of farm crops.
C)railroad and warehouse rates.
D)minimum wages and maximum hours.
E)civil service reform.
9
What event caused the Grange to transform from a social and self-help association into an agency of political change?
A)the Civil War
B)the depression of 1873
C)the assassination of Garfield
D)the depression of 1893
E)the second election of Grover Cleveland
10
During the 1860s and 1870s, the Grangers carried out four of the following activities. Which is the exception?
A)They established cooperatives.
B)They forged a political coalition with organized labor.
C)They supported political candidates sympathetic to the farmers' needs.
D)They disseminated information about new scientific agricultural techniques.
E)They promoted political action to curb monopolistic practices of the railroads and warehouses.
11
What did some Alliance leaders advocate that made the organization different from the Grange?
A)a national society in which economic competition would give way to cooperation
B)local cooperatives designed to free farmers from dependence on the merchants who kept farmers in debt
C)civil service reform
D)marketing mechanisms
E)control of legislation
12
One of the most important leaders of the Southern Farmers' Alliance and People's Party was
A)Roscoe Conkling.
B)Marcus Hanna.
C)Tom Watson.
D)James G. Blaine.
E)James B. Weaver.
13
The Populist Party appealed primarily to which of the following constituencies?
A)labor
B)middle-class northern whites
C)African Americans
D)small farmers in geographically isolated regions
E)northern blacks
14
The Populists in 1892 favored four of the following. Which is the exception?
A)the direct election of senators
B)the abolition of the graduated income tax
C)government ownership of railroads, telephones, and telegraphs
D)the establishment of "subtreasuries" that would advance loans against stored crops
E)the abolition of national banks
15
Four of the following were contributory causes of the Panic of 1893. Which is the exception?
A)the tax policies of the federal government on big business
B)excessive capital investments, especially by railroads
C)the loss of American markets abroad due to depressed conditions in Europe
D)weakened purchasing power of farmers due to depressed prices in agriculture
E)the Philadelphia and Reading Railroads declaring bankruptcy
16
In order to alleviate unemployment produced by the Panic of 1893, Jacob S. Coxey proposed
A)a new dependent pensions bill.
B)drafting the unemployed into the army.
C)raising agricultural prices.
D)a welfare program of unemployment compensation.
E)creating jobs by means of government public works programs.
17
The expression "Crime of '73" refers to the
A)discontinuance of silver coinage.
B)adoption of a bimetallic standard.
C)inflation produced by the unlimited coinage of silver.
D)fixing of the ratio between silver and gold at 16 to 1.
E)the assassination of James Garfield.
18
The most important issue in the 1896 presidential campaign was
A)the tariff.
B)foreign policy.
C)the civil service.
D)the money question.
E)immigrant restrictions.
19
The significance of the "cross of gold" speech was that
A)it ended the "battle of the standards."
B)it inspired the Populists to oppose free silver.
C)it led to William Jennings Bryan's Democratic presidential nomination.
D)it helped persuade Congress to adopt the Gold Standard Act of 1900.
E)it led to the discontinuance of silver coinage.
20
The issue of free coinage of silver rapidly declined in importance among farmers after 1896 partly because
A)farm prices began to rise.
B)farmers lost interest in politics.
C)tariff rates declined and imports increased.
D)voters became more knowledgeable about economic issues.
E)agricultural prices began to rise.
21
Which of the following groups did NOT want to undo the "Crime of '73"?
A)bankers
B)mine owners
C)inflationists
D)farmers
E)Populists
22
How did the Populist Party try to maintain its independence from the Democrats in 1896?
A)running James Weaver for president
B)endorsing William McKinley
C)repudiating bimetallism
D)running William Jennings Bryan as vice-president
E)running Tom Watson for vice-president
23
Which of the following does NOT characterize Manifest Destiny in the 1890s?
A)Territories were not likely to become states.
B)Territories were not contiguous with existing states.
C)Territories were not considered suitable for massive American settlement.
D)Territorial expansion was justified by Charles Darwin's theories.
E)None of these answers is correct.
24
The text lists several factors that contributed directly or indirectly to the development of the new Manifest Destiny at the turn of the century. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A)the depression of 1893
B)the concept of the closing of the frontier
C)the experience of subjugating Indian tribes in the West
D)the Populist movement and other class protests
E)the concern regarding access to natural resources
25
Alfred Thayer Mahan was significant to the development of American imperialism through his writings on
A)sea power.
B)Social Darwinism.
C)Christian Missions.
D)dialectical materialism.
E)the closing of the frontier.
26
As a result of the naval building program begun in the 1870s, by 1900 the U.S. Navy was
A)the most powerful in the world.
B)the third most powerful in the world.
C)the tenth most powerful in the world.
D)actually weaker than in 1880 because of corruption in spending naval appropriations.
E)the fifth most powerful in the world.
27
The Pan-American Union
A)served as a clearinghouse for distributing information to member nations.
B)created an inter-American customs union.
C)created arbitration procedures for hemispheric disputes.
D)created an inter-American customs union and arbitration procedures for hemispheric disputes.
E)was an extremely strong international organization.
28
Which of the following was NOT a result of increasing American influence in the Hawaiian Islands beginning in the 1830s?
A)The native population declined significantly due to disease.
B)Native religion was undermined by Christian missionaries.
C)Asian immigrants were prevented from residing in Hawaii.
D)American sugar plantations dominated the economy.
E)Hawaiian society eroded due to the introduction of liquor.
29
In 1893, a revolution in Hawaii overthrew the government of Queen Liliuokalani. This revolution was instigated mainly by
A)Spanish imperialists.
B)native inhabitants of Hawaii.
C)Asian immigrants to Hawaii.
D)American plantation interests.
E)American missionaries in Hawaii.
30
Which of the following nations competed with the United States for control of the Samoan Islands?
A)China
B)Great Britain
C)Japan
D)Spain
E)Portugal
31
The expression "yellow journalism" refers to the newspapers that emphasized
A)unwavering loyalty to the Democratic Party in the South.
B)pacifism in foreign affairs.
C)lurid and sensational news.
D)the dangers of Oriental immigration.
E)Manifest Destiny.
32
Which of the following newspaper publishers were accused of using "yellow journalism" in their coverage of the trouble in Cuba in the 1890s?
A)William Randolph Hearst
B)Josiah Strong
C)Valeriano Weyler
D)Henry Grady
E)Jose Marti
33
The de Lôme letter had the effect of
A)discrediting the McKinley administration.
B)worsening United States-Spanish relations.
C)exposing United States imperialistic ambitions.
D)temporarily improving United States-Spanish relations.
E)beginning the Spanish-American War.
34
Later evidence suggested that the sinking of the Maine was actually caused by
A)the Spanish navy.
B)William Randolph Hearst.
C)an accident in one of the engine rooms.
D)Cuban freedom fighters.
E)Joseph Pulitzer.
35
Of the Americans who died in Cuba during the Spanish American War, what percent were killed in battle?
A)about 50%
B)about 25%
C)about 15%
D)about 1%
E)about 10%
36
Commodore George Dewey was noteworthy to the Spanish-American War for
A)capturing Puerto Rico.
B)sinking the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay.
C)sinking the Spanish fleet in Santiago harbor.
D)preventing Spanish reinforcements from reaching Cuba.
E)creating flamboyant news in the American newspapers.
37
American preparation and mobilization for the military operations against Cuba in 1898 may most accurately be characterized as
A)remarkably inefficient and incompetent.
B)adequate, but lacking in popular enthusiasm and support.
C)remarkably quick and efficient in spite of poor planning and leadership.
D)highly professional, well-organized, and efficient in both planning and execution.
E)well-organized despite popular opposition.
38
In addition to waging military expeditions against the Spanish in Cuba and the Philippines, the United States invaded
A)Morocco.
B)Barcelona.
C)Guam.
D)El Salvador.
E)Puerto Rico.
39
The Treaty of Paris of 1898, which ended the Spanish-American War, provided for Spain to cede all of the following territories EXCEPT
A)Guam.
B)the Virgin Islands.
C)the Philippines.
D)Puerto Rico.
E)Cuba.
40
The most serious issue in the debate over ratification of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 was
A)the status of the Philippines.
B)political rights of Puerto Rican natives.
C)American commercial rights in Cuba.
D)the sum of money to be paid by Spain to the United States.
E)the anti-imperialist movement in the Philippines.
41
The Platt Amendment to the Cuban constitution did NOT
A)forbid Cuba from making treaties with other nations.
B)give the U.S. the right to intervene in Cuba to protect independence, life, and property.
C)require Cuba to permit American naval stations on its territory.
D)give Cuba nominal independence.
E)None of these answers is correct.
42
The Philippine War
A)was one of the shortest in American history.
B)produced fewer American battle casualties than the Spanish-American War.
C)became a long, vicious, and bloody guerilla war.
D)saw the American military treating Filipino natives and prisoners of war humanely.
E)gave the Philippines nominal independence.
43
The motive of the United States in contributing troops to the rescue of the besieged diplomats during the Boxer Rebellion was to
A)punish China.
B)demonstrate American power to the Europeans.
C)gain a foothold in China for an American sphere of influence.
D)have a voice in the final settlement and prevent the dismemberment of China.
E)align themselves with the British.
44
The reforms of Elihu Root, in the period between 1900 and 1903, were significant in
A)improving the federal bureaucracy.
B)modernizing the United States Army.
C)curbing monopolistic business practices.
D)cleaning up corruption in the Navy Department.
E)improving U.S. foreign relations.
45
Which of the following presidential candidates was known as a leading Anti-Imperialist?
A)William Howard Taft
B)Theodore Roosevelt
C)William Jennings Bryan
D)John Hay
E)William McKinley
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