1 When impulses from various sources have an additive effect on a neuron, the process is calledA) facilitation B) divergence C) convergence D) autonomic switching 2 Which component of a reflex arc is located entirely within the central nervous system (CNS)?A) effector B) interneuron C) sensory neuron D) receptor 3 The organs of the central nervous system are theA) brain and cranial nerves B) brain and meninges C) cranial and spinal nerves D) brain and spinal cord 4 The outer membrane covering the brain is composed of dense connective tissue, and is called theA) dura mater B) arachnoid mater C) periosteum D) pia mater 5 Cerebrospinal fluid is mainly found between theA) arachnoid mater and the dura mater B) dura mater and the bones of the skull C) pia mater and arachnoid mater D) pia mater and the surface of the brain and spinal cord 6 In the adult, the spinal cord endsA) at the sacrum B) between thoracic vertebrae 11 and 12 C) between lumbar vertebrae 1 and 2 D) at lumbar vertebra 5 7 If a person has no sensation in the legs, which of the following portions of the spinal cord may be injured or damaged?A) ascending tracts of the spinal cord B) anterior horn in the lumbar enlargement C) posterior horn in the cervical enlargement D) descending tracts of the spinal cord 8 What structure connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres?A) corpus callosum B) falx cerebri C) longitudinal fissure D) falx cerebelli 9 Which of the following is involved in hearing a phone ring?A) occipital lobe B) parietal lobe C) frontal lobe D) temporal lobe 10 Which of the following is a function of the association areas in the frontal lobe?A) recognizing your mother B) planning a party C) reading your textbook D) understanding your friend’s speech 11 The pathologic movements of Parkinson and Huntington disease are due to damage in theA) extrapyramidal tracts B) primary motor area C) basal nuclei D) cerebellum 12 Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by theA) fourth ventricle B) cerebral aqueduct C) pia mater D) choroid plexuses 13 The diencephalon contains all of the following structures exceptA) pons B) thalamus C) optic chiasma D) pineal gland 14 The part of the brain stem that contains centers for cardiovascular control, sneezing and swallowing is theA) cerebellum B) midbrain C) medulla oblongata D) pons 15 The part of the brain responsible for regulation of sleep and wakefulness is theA) reticular formation B) diencephalon C) thalamus D) limbic system 16 The lobes of the cerebellum are connected by theA) vermis B) falx cerebelli C) cerebellar cortex D) cerebellar peduncles 17 The cranial nerves that control movement of the eyes areA) optic, oculomotor, and facial B) oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens C) optic, oculomotor, and abducens D) oculomotor, trigeminal, and abducens 18 The cranial nerve responsible for equilibrium and hearing is theA) vestibulocochlear B) abducens C) facial D) trigeminal 19 Which of the following cranial nerves innervates structures below the neck?A) hypoglossal B) glossopharyngeal C) olfactory D) vagus 20 The portion of the nervous system that is most active when the body is at rest is theA) reticular formation B) parasympathetic division C) somatic division D) sympathetic division 21 Release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic neuron is dependent upon diffusion of calcium ions into the cell.A) True B) False 22 The sensory function of the nervous system is carried out by efferent fibers.A) True B) False 23 The dendrite arises from a hillock or elevation of the cell body and carries impulses away from the cell body.A) True B) False 24 Myelinated fibers form the white matter in the central nervous system.A) True B) False 25 A neuron may have many dendrites but only one axon.A) True B) False 26 Neurons that are deprived of oxygen can be irreversibly damaged.A) True B) False 27 Neurons are the most abundant cells in the nervous system.A) True B) False 28 Myelination begins in prenatal development and is complete by the time of birth.A) True B) False 29 Sodium ions pass more easily through the cell membrane than potassium ions.A) True B) False 30 The amount of change in the resting potential of a neuron’s cell membrane is proportional to the intensity of the stimulus, as long as the threshold is not reached.A) True B) False 31 The speed of nerve impulse conduction increases as the diameter of the nerve fiber increases.A) True B) False 32 The short time during an action potential when an axon is non-responsive to a threshold stimulus is called the all or none principle.A) True B) False