Chemistry (Chang), 10th Edition

Chapter 17: Chemistry in the Atmosphere

Self Assessment A

1
Which of the following areas of the atmosphere is closest to Earth's surface?
A)troposphere
B)stratosphere
C)mesosphere
D)thermosphere
E)ionosphere
2
About 80% of the total mass of air is in the:
A)ionosphere
B)stratosphere
C)mesosphere
D)thermosphere
E)troposphere
3
The first step in the mechanism by which ozone is formed in the stratosphere is the:
A)reaction of O2 with CO
B)dissociation of O2 into oxygen atoms
C)combination of oxygen atoms with O2
D)combination of oxygen atoms to form O2
E)interaction of N2 with ultraviolet radiation
4
Ozone:
A)dissociates to O and O2 by absorbing UV energy
B)is formed by the combination of oxygen atoms with O2 molecules
C)can be destroyed by chlorine atoms that result from the decomposition of chlorocarbons in the stratosphere
D)All of the above
E)None of the above
5
Substitutes for CFCs:
A)contain C-H bonds that make these compounds susceptible to destruction
B)contain embedded O3 molecules to replace those being destroyed
C)contain chlorine atoms that can react with oxygen to lead to formation of ozone
D)None of the above
6
Carbon dioxide absorbs heat from Earth by:
A)dissociating into O2 and carbon atoms
B)converting the heat into more rapid translational motion
C)absorbing an infrared photon that causes it to be vibrationally excited
D)rotating more rapidly
7
Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
A)O3
B)CO2
C)NO
D)O2
E)Neither A nor C is a greenhouse gas
8
The principal contributor to acid rain is:
A)CO2
B)SO2
C)O3
D)NO2
9
The primary source of photochemical smog is:
A)the presence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
B)the action of ultraviolet light on ozone
C)water evaporating from farm fields
D)unfiltered emissions from coal-burning power plants
E)reactions of automobile exhaust in the presence of sunlight
10
When radon decays it produces Po-214 and Po-218. This means that:
A)a gas (radon) is converted into a solid (Po)
B)radon decays into nonhazardous products
C)after the decay there is no danger due to radioactivity
D)the polonium can be swept out of the basement
E)None of the above
11
Is the atmosphere an open or closed system?
A)Open
B)Closed
12
Which is not a characteristic property of a chlorofluorocarbon?
A)Relatively innert
B)Readily liquified
C)Toxic
D)Use as coolants
13
Chlorofluorocarbons diffuse in the troposphere where they begin to decompose allowing the chlorine atoms to break down ozone.
A)True
B)False
14
Which of the following does not readily interact with ozone?
A)Chlorine
B)Nitrogen oxides
C)Chlorine nitrate
D)Carbon fluorides
15
Choose the incorrect statement concerning radon gas.
A)Radon gas is found at home.
B)Radon is a noble gas.
C)Radon accounts for 3/4 of the Earth's background radioactivity.
D)Radon-222 is the most hazardous form of radon due to a half-life of 3.8 days.
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