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Life, 4/e

Ricki Lewis, University of New York at Albany
Mariëlle Hoefnagels, University of Oklahoma
Douglas Gaffin, University of Oklahoma
Bruce Parker, Utah Valley State College

DNA Structure and Replication

Chapter Quiz


1	English physician Archibald Garrod was the first to link inheritance and _________.
		A)	DNA
		B)	nucleic acids
		C)	RNA
		D)	protein


2	What did Frederick Griffith’s 1928 experiments with a pneumonia-causing bacterium and mice show?
		A)	a biochemical in a killer strain of bacteria can make a non-killing strain deadly
		B)	a “transforming principle” was protein
		C)	mice can become immune to pneumonia
		D)	All of these are correct.


3	Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty confirmed the hypothesis that DNA was the genetic material by inoculating mice with ___________.
		A)	heat-killed type R bacterial DNA and live type S bacteria –mice died
		B)	heat-killed type S bacterial DNA and live type R bacteria –mice lived
		C)	heat-killed type R bacterial DNA and live type S bacteria –mice lived
		D)	heat-killed type S bacterial DNA and live type R bacteria –mice died


4	The scientist(s) that confirmed that DNA was the hereditary material was (were) ___________.
		A)	Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty
		B)	Hammerling
		C)	Griffith
		D)	Hershey and Chase


5	In the experiments of Hershey and Chase, DNA was shown to be the material transmitted from the virus to the bacterium because _____________.
		A)	protein contains sulfur but DNA does not
		B)	DNA contains phosphorus but protein does not
		C)	radioactivity came from the phosphorus
		D)	All of these are correct.


6	What scientist found that DNA contains equal amounts of A and T and equal amounts of C and G?
		A)	Martha Chase
		B)	Erwin Chargaff
		C)	Rosalind Franklin
		D)	James Watson


7	James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with determining _______________ in 1953.
		A)	the nature of base-pairing in DNA
		B)	the chemical composition of DNA
		C)	the three-dimensional structure of DNA
		D)	DNA is located in the nucleus


8	DNA contains ____________.
		A)	ribose, uracil, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate
		B)	deoxyribose, uracil, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate
		C)	ribose, thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate
		D)	deoxyribose, thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate


9	What portion of the DNA molecule actually encodes the genetic information?
		A)	DNA base sequences
		B)	sugar-phosphate backbone
		C)	number of hydrogen bonds
		D)	three-dimensional structure


10	What is a nucleosome?
		A)	a mutation in a base pair
		B)	a combination of enzymes that regulate gene activity
		C)	DNA base pairs wrapped around histones
		D)	an unusual sequence of bases that act as a start position for gene activity


11	True or false. Histones are unique to eukaryotes.
		A)	True
		B)	False


12	The two strands of DNA run opposite to each other. This is termed _____________.
		A)	complementarity
		B)	antiparallelism
		C)	semi-conservative
		D)	conservative


13	The hypothesis of DNA replication that proposed one strand serves as a template for the replication of a new strand was called ______________.
		A)	dispersive
		B)	conservative
		C)	semi-conservative
		D)	complementarity


14	Enzymes that unwind and hold apart replicating DNA are ___________.
		A)	polymerases
		B)	ligases
		C)	helicases
		D)	kinases


15	True or false. A replicating chromosome has only one replication fork at a time.
		A)	True
		B)	False


16	Replication occurs in 5’ to 3’ direction. What is the name of the short pieces of the discontinuous strand?
		A)	RNA primers
		B)	DNA primers
		C)	Okazaki fragments
		D)	nucleotides


17	Gene amplification is a term describing the technique called ____________.
		A)	polymerase chain reaction
		B)	assisted reproductive technologies
		C)	recombinant DNA technology
		D)	genetic engineering


18	Polymerase chain reaction can be used in which of the following fields?
		A)	genetic engineering
		B)	forensics
		C)	ecology
		D)	archaeology
		E)	All of these are correct.


19	True or false. DNA replication is not terribly accurate, and occasional mistakes occur.
		A)	True
		B)	False


20	Which of the following nucleotides is particularly sensitive to ultraviolet radiation?
		A)	adenine
		B)	thymine
		C)	guanine
		D)	cytosine


21	What mode of DNA repair involves the repair of small loops where complementary strands of DNA are not precisely aligned?
		A)	photoreactivation
		B)	excision repair
		C)	proofreading
		D)	mismatch repair

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