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Life, 4/e

Ricki Lewis, University of New York at Albany
Mariëlle Hoefnagels, University of Oklahoma
Douglas Gaffin, University of Oklahoma
Bruce Parker, Utah Valley State College

Bacteria and Archaea

Chapter Quiz


1	True or false. Nearly 94% of all bacteria live in the top layers of the soil.
		A)	True
		B)	False


2	Bacteria exhibit _________________ when encountering a noxious stimulus.
		A)	chemotaxis
		B)	positive thigmoplasty
		C)	bioluminescence
		D)	None of these are correct.


3	What structure of prokaryotes enables them to endure harsh conditions?
		A)	endospores
		B)	plasmids
		C)	glycocalyx
		D)	pilus


4	What structure allows prokaryotic cells to attach to objects?
		A)	flagellum
		B)	glycocalyx
		C)	pilus
		D)	capsule


5	______________ are small circles of double-stranded DNA that are exchanged between prokaryotic cells.
		A)	Endospores
		B)	Plasmids
		C)	Glycocalyces
		D)	Pili


6	What two criteria have traditionally been most important in classifying prokaryotes?
		A)	structure
		B)	mode of energy metabolism
		C)	disease caused
		D)	evolutionary relationship
		E)	Both a and b are correct.
		F)	Both c and d are correct.


7	True or false. Today, molecular data are leading to a reevaluation of prokaryote classification.
		A)	True
		B)	False


8	Rod-shaped bacterial cells are called _____________.
		A)	cocci
		B)	bacilli
		C)	spirilla


9	True or false. Distinguishing between prokaryotes based on cell wall staining responses may not accurately reflect evolutionary relationships.
		A)	True
		B)	False


10	In gram-positive bacteria, the cell wall is primarily ________________.
		A)	a thin wall of cellulose
		B)	a thin wall of polysaccharide and lipid
		C)	protein
		D)	a thick wall of peptidoglycan


11	_____________ require oxygen for generating ATP.
		A)	Obligate aerobes
		B)	Obligate anaerobes
		C)	Chemotrophic prokaryotes
		D)	Methanogens


12	_____________ can either use oxygen or can survive without it.
		A)	Obligate aerobes
		B)	Obligate anaerobes
		C)	Facultative anaerobes
		D)	Methanogens


13	_________________ prokaryotes can be expected in an environment characterized by extreme heat.
		A)	Halophilic
		B)	Hyperthermophilic
		C)	Methanogenic
		D)	Thermophilic


14	____________ provides vertical gene transfer between prokaryotic cells.
		A)	Horizontal gene transfer
		B)	Mitosis
		C)	Binary fission
		D)	Meiosis


15	During _____________, a live bacterial cell can take up the DNA released from a dead bacterium.
		A)	vertical gene transfer
		B)	transduction
		C)	conjugation
		D)	transformation


16	True or false. Horizontal gene transfer is rare among bacteria.
		A)	True
		B)	False


17	What is one example of a bacterial illness carried by an arthropod?
		A)	Legionnaire’s disease
		B)	Lyme disease
		C)	Anthrax
		D)	Cholera


18	True or false. Incidences of food poisoning in the United Stated are rare.
		A)	True
		B)	False


19	What is one way that industry uses prokaryotes or their products?
		A)	bioremediation
		B)	making cheese
		C)	producing proteins for medicinal purposes
		D)	All of these are correct.


20	True or false. It is possible to culture every kind of prokaryote in a petri dish.
		A)	True
		B)	False

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