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Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, 4/e
Rod R. Seeley, Idaho State University
Philip Tate, Phoenix College
Trent D. Stephens, Idaho State University
Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation

Study Outline

  1. Nutrition
    1. Overview
    2. Nutrients
      1. Essential nutrients
      2. Food pyramid(Fig. 17.1, p. 465)
    3. Kilocalories (in food)(Table 17.1, p. 466)
    4. Carbohydrates
      1. Sources in the diet
      2. Uses in the body
      3. Recommended consumption
    5. Lipids
      1. Sources in the diet
        1. Triacylglycerols (triglycerides)
          1. Saturated fats
          2. Mono- and Polyunsaturated Fats
        2. Cholesterol and steroids
        3. Phospholipids
      2. Uses in the body
        1. Triacylglycerols
        2. Cholesterol
        3. Phospholipids
      3. Recommended consumption
    6. Proteins
      1. Sources in the diet
        1. Essential amino acids
        2. Nonessential amino acids
        3. Complete and incomplete protein sources
      2. Uses in the body
      3. Recommended consumption
    7. Vitamins and provitamins(Table 17.2, p. 470-71)
      1. Function in body - coenzymes
      2. Water soluble vitamins
        1. Vitamin C
        2. Vitamin B complex
      3. Fat-soluble vitamins
        1. Vitamin A
        2. Vitamin D
        3. Vitamin E
        4. Vitamin K
      4. Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA)
    8. Minerals(Table 17.3, p. 472)
    9. Daily values and nutritional labeling
  2. Metabolism(Fig. 17.2, p. 471)
    1. Cellular metabolism
      1. Anabolism and catabolism
      2. ADP and ATP(Fig. 17.3, p. 473)
    2. Regulation of metabolism
      1. Biochemical pathways(Fig. 17.4, p. 474)
      2. Regulation of enzymes
        1. Enzyme synthesis
        2. Receptor-mediated enzyme activity
        3. Product control of enzyme activity
    3. Carbohydrate metabolism
    4. Glycolysis(Fig. 17.5, p. 475)
      1. Anaerobic respiration
        1. Glycolysis
        2. Lactic acid formation
      2. Aerobic respiration(Fig. 17.6, p. 476)
        1. Glycolysis
        2. Acetyl coenzyme A formation
        3. Citric acid cycle
        4. Electron-transport chain(Fig. 17.7, p. 477)
    5. Summary of anaerobic and aerobic respiration(Fig. 17.8, p. 478)
    6. Lipid metabolism
    7. Protein metabolism
  3. Metabolic States
    1. Absorptive state(Fig. 17.9, p. 479)
    2. Postabsorptive state(Fig. 17.10, p. 480)
  4. Metabolic Rate
    1. Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
    2. Control of body weight Clinical Focus: Starvation and Obesity p. 483
  5. Body Temperature Regulation
    1. Heat production from catabolism
    2. Heat exchange processes(Fig. 17.11, p. 481)
      1. Radiation
      2. Conduction
      3. Convection
      4. Evaporation
    3. Temperature regulation(Fig. 17.12, p. 482)
    4. Hyperthermia and hypothermia








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