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1 | |
The politics as power model of public decision-making is characterized as |
| | A) | involving competing interests attempting to shape public policy to best serve their own goals. |
| | B) | encouraging compromise and attempting to balance competing interests. |
| | C) | using rules to assure the civility of the process. |
| | D) | all of the above |
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2 | |
The rational choice model is characterized as |
| | A) | using professionals to objectively weigh various options. |
| | B) | preferring options that have the least negative impacts. |
| | C) | preferring options maximizing public benefits. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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3 | |
Criticisms of the rational choice model of determining policy include concerns that |
| | A) | it is difficult for scientific data to be brought into play. |
| | B) | costs of implementing policies determined in this manner would typically be higher than produced by other models. |
| | C) | many conflicting needs can not be validly compared. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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4 | |
Sound environmental policies incorporate consideration of |
| | A) | human needs. |
| | B) | ecosystem needs. |
| | C) | sustainable economic needs. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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5 | |
After problem identification, the chronology of events in the policy development cycle is |
| | A) | develop proposals, then build support, then enact law, and then implement policy. |
| | B) | develop proposals, then enact law, then implement policy, and then build support. |
| | C) | build support, then develop proposals, then enact law,and then implement policy. |
| | D) | develop proposals, then enact law, then build support,and then implement policy. |
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6 | |
The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) |
| | A) | is an outdated law with minimal impact on current policy development. |
| | B) | serves as the cornerstone of environmental law in the U.S. |
| | C) | is largely blamed for the sorry state of environmental protection in the U.S. |
| | D) | has essentially been a boon to polluters. |
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7 | |
NEPA requires an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for every |
| | A) | state and local action potentially affecting the environment. |
| | B) | federal project having possible environmental side effects. |
| | C) | proposal that would increase pollution of the nation's air or water. |
| | D) | federal projects having significant consequences for environmental quality. |
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8 | |
An EIS can |
| | A) | directly prohibit actions deemed destructive of environmental quality. |
| | B) | lead to the discovery of reasons why a project should not be pursued. |
| | C) | be an effective tool of grassroots interest groups. |
| | D) | be more than one of the above. |
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9 | |
A President's decision to require sport utility vehicles to meet the same emission standards as passenger cars would illustrate |
| | A) | administrative law. |
| | B) | statute law. |
| | C) | case law. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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10 | |
Public awareness and concern over environmental degradation was strongly influenced by |
| | A) | Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring. |
| | B) | the emergence of television as conveyor of environmental information to the public. |
| | C) | the Santa Barbara Channel oil leak. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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11 | |
Environmental law is created by which branch(s) of government? |
| | A) | Executive |
| | B) | Judicial |
| | C) | Legislative |
| | D) | all of the above |
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12 | |
In the development of statutory law, a bill |
| | A) | is a formal proposal for a law. |
| | B) | has the same meaning as law. |
| | C) | must be initiated by the President. |
| | D) | is an informal outline of an idea for a law. |
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13 | |
A legislative rider is |
| | A) | a device whereby legislators attach to unrelated bills amendments that lacked enough public support to become law on their own. |
| | B) | a special amendment that can be added to a bill only with unanimous consent of the legislative body. |
| | C) | a means by which the judicial branch of government can modify a law passed by Congress. |
| | D) | a congressional staff method of moving bills between subcommittees. |
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14 | |
Ways an individual can influence legislation include |
| | A) | making phone calls to legislators. |
| | B) | writing letters to legislators. |
| | C) | joining forces with an interest group. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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15 | |
The Executive branch of government can establish environmental law through |
| | A) | rule-making by an executive department such as Interior. |
| | B) | executive orders issued by the President. |
| | C) | administrative court action. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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16 | |
Use of societal custom to decide a court case is an application of |
| | A) | civil law. |
| | B) | common law. |
| | C) | tort law. |
| | D) | criminal law. |
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17 | |
SLAPP suits are designed to |
| | A) | get to the factual basis of a prior court case to overturn a more recent court decision. |
| | B) | intimidate citizens to keep them from taking businesses to court. |
| | C) | obtain significant court-ordered punitive damages. |
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18 | |
A policy is a plan or intention to pursue a course of action to accomplish some goal. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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19 | |
Interest groups typically try to influence policy development by maximizing objective public evaluation of their ideas. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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20 | |
The oversight role of the Council on Environmental Quality on general environmental matters is one provision of the National Environmental Policy Act. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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21 | |
One of NEPA's major failures is that it does not require federal agencies to evaluate environmental consequences in their decision-making process. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | |
The EIS has been a toothless tiger when it comes to protecting the nation's environment. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | |
The most effective way to influence a legislator is through personal contact. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | |
Appeals to the judicial system to force implementation of environmental law can be particularly effective. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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25 | |
The right of a person or group to participate in a court trial is known as standing. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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26 | |
Federal law vests the EPA with the authority to enforce environmental quality laws. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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27 | |
Environmental problems with no simple solutions have come to be called wicked problems by environmental scientists. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education