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Environmental Science: A Global Concern, 7/e

William P. Cunningham, University of Minnesota
Mary Ann Cunningham, Vassar College
Barbara Woodworth Saigo, St. Cloud State University

Air Pollution

Practice Quizzing


1	Indoor restrictions on smoking have
		A)	produced substantial drops in smoke-produced byproducts in nonsmokers blood.
		B)	marginally reduced contaminants in nonsmokers.
		C)	had no effect on contaminant concentrations in nonsmokers.
		D)	have been accompanied by a slight increase in contaminants in nonsmokers.


2	Criteria pollutants are those
		A)	for which safe levels of exposure are established.
		B)	having highest priority to be studied for health impacts.
		C)	produced in the greatest volumes and deemed to be the most dangerous.
		D)	most dangerous to human health.


3	Since increased numbers of women began smoking about 50 years ago, lung cancer rates in women have
		A)	remained the same.
		B)	increased slightly.
		C)	doubled.
		D)	increased by 600 percent.


4	Sulfur dioxide is
		A)	involved in creating acidified rain.
		B)	a criteria pollutant.
		C)	produced by burning or processing fossil fuels.
		D)	all of the above.


5	Transportation is a major source of which of the following pollutants?
		A)	lead
		B)	carbon monoxide
		C)	volatile organic compounds
		D)	all of the above


6	Burning fossil fuels produces all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	carbon dioxide.
		B)	hydrocarbons.
		C)	nitrogen oxides.
		D)	methane.


7	Which of the following is colorless, odorless, and highly toxic?
		A)	carbon dioxide
		B)	carbon monoxide
		C)	nitrogen oxides
		D)	all of the above


8	The main anthropogenic source of carbon monoxide is
		A)	internal combustion engines.
		B)	smelting of ore.
		C)	manufacturing processes.
		D)	coal burning.


9	It is estimated that ______ percent of all inner-city children have mental retardation in at least some degree caused by lead contamination of the environment.
		A)	1
		B)	5
		C)	10
		D)	20


10	_______ is a common air pollutant known to be a neurotoxin.
		A)	Carbon dioxide
		B)	Mercury
		C)	Sulfur dioxide
		D)	Hydrocarbons


11	Substance(s) that qualify to be called particulate air pollutants include
		A)	smoke.
		B)	ash.
		C)	dust.
		D)	all of the above.


12	The majority of substances identified as air toxics are
		A)	volatile organic compounds.
		B)	sulfur oxides.
		C)	nitrous oxides.
		D)	particulates.


13	Unconventional (noncriteria) pollutants are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	they have anthropogenic sources.
		B)	they are considered particularly toxic or dangerous.
		C)	they are not yet regulated by the EPA.
		D)	include asbestos and PCBs.


14	Acid precipitation is largely confined to the ______ of the U.S.
		A)	west coast
		B)	western half
		C)	eastern half
		D)	northern half


15	Emissions of all of the following have gone down in the last 25 years EXCEPT for
		A)	carbon mpnoxide.
		B)	volatile organic compounds.
		C)	oxides of nitrogen.
		D)	sulfur dioxide.


16	Atmospheric temperature inversions
		A)	prevent pollutants from rising away from ground level.
		B)	are caused when air temperature gets progressively cooler with increasing distance above the ground.
		C)	prevent cooling of air at ground level.
		D)	intensify cooling of air at ground level.


17	The result of reduced concentrations of ozone in the stratosphere include
		A)	a substantial increased concentration of greenhouse gases.
		B)	a notable increase in ground temperatures in the tropics.
		C)	an increase in the amount of UV radiation reaching the ground.
		D)	all of the above.


18	Freon (chlorofluoro carbon) is
		A)	nontoxic.
		B)	inexpensive to make.
		C)	destructive of ozone.
		D)	all of the above.


19	Effects of air pollution include
		A)	increased incidence of heart attacks, cancer, and respiratory diseases in humans.
		B)	disruption of aquatic food chains and fish reproduction.
		C)	death of forests.
		D)	all of the above.


20	Anthropogenic sources of pollutants are those associated with human activity.
		A)	True
		B)	False


21	Particulate pollution from rock crushing is an example of a fugitive emission.
		A)	True
		B)	False


22	Sulfur compounds damage human health second only to smoking.
		A)	True
		B)	False


23	Nitrogen oxides interact with water vapor in the atmosphere to produce acid rain.
		A)	True
		B)	False


24	An aerosol is a liquid substance released into air under pressure.
		A)	True
		B)	False


25	Some particulate pollutants are known carcinogens.
		A)	True
		B)	False


26	Ozone in the stratosphere is beneficial but in ambient air is a nasty pollutant.
		A)	True
		B)	False


27	The single most important air pollutant in terms of human health is cigarette smoke.
		A)	True
		B)	False


28	Unlike gases, particulate pollutants generally are not subject to wind transport more than a few hundred miles.
		A)	True
		B)	False


29	Smoking causes the premature death of more people through heart attacks than through lung cancer.
		A)	True
		B)	False


30	Some air pollutants have synergistic effects in which two different chemicals acting together are much more dangerous than the sum of the effects of each chemical acting alone.
		A)	True
		B)	False

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