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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
Compared to the time that Freud and Jung studied mid-life transitions, around 1900, and now, the boundaries of middle age have:
A)moved downward.
B)moved upward.
C)become relatively indistinct.
D)stayed the same, but apply to more people.
2
Which of the following is NOT a noticeable, visible sign of aging?
A)the skin begins to wrinkle and sag
B)small, localized areas of pigmentation in the skin produce aging spots
C)hair becomes thinner and grayer
D)fingernails and toenails become thinner
3
Which of the following is most accurate concerning perceptions of gender differences in aging?
A)Some aspects of aging in middle adulthood are taken as signs of attractiveness in men, but similar signs may be perceived as unattractive in women.
B)Some aspects of aging in middle adulthood are taken as signs of attractiveness in women, but similar signs may be perceived as unattractive in men.
C)Signs of aging in men and women are perceived as unattractive in our culture.
D)Signs of aging in men and women typically elicit greater respect from people in our culture.
4
What changes are noticed in an adult's height as that person ages?
A)It increases.
B)It decreases.
C)Unless there is illness, there is no noticeable change.
D)The findings are contradictory--some people get taller, others get shorter.
5
Obesity has been linked to:
A)hypertension and digestive disorders.
B)cancer.
C)early visible signs of aging.
D)prostate disorders in men.
6
A person between the ages of 40 and 59 is going to have most difficulty:
A)reading a wall chart at the eye-care professional's office.
B)reading street signs.
C)reading a newspaper.
D)watching television at a distance.
7
Considering normal aging processes, whose blood pressure would be expected to be highest?
A)Sally, a 60-year-old woman who is post-menopausal
B)Cindy, a 40-year-old woman who is pre-menopausal
C)Carl, a 60-year-old male whose prostate was removed
D)Sam, a 40-year-old man whose prostate is still intact
8
In the Ni-Hon-San Study of Japanese men, those living in __________ had the highest rate of coronary heart disease.
A)Hiroshima
B)Nagasaki
C)Honolulu
D)San Francisco
9
Japanese men living in California have much lower rates of cerebrovascular disease (stroke) than Japanese men living in Japan, because:
A)the diets of those living in California are more well-rounded.
B)the Japanese men living in California have a more relaxed lifestyle.
C)businessmen in Japan tend to drink a lot of alcohol and to chain-smoke.
D)of the residual effects from the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II.
10
Which factor of the Type A personality is most related to coronary heart disease?
A)excessive competition
B)being hard-driven
C)impatience
D)hostility
11
Marjorie is controlled, committed, and sees problems as challenges. She will most likely:
A)remain healthy.
B)develop heart disease.
C)develop breast cancer.
D)develop ulcers.
12
The main cause of death for individuals in middle adulthood is:
A)heart disease.
B)diabetes.
C)cancer.
D)cerebrovascular disease
13
What is the basis of erroneous beliefs about menopause?
A)A majority of women experience them.
B)The beliefs conform well with gender-typed beliefs about middle-age women.
C)The research is based on small, select samples of women.
D)Drug companies promote them to sell their products.
14
The American Geriatric Association recommends that:
A)post-menopausal women should actively participate in decision making about hormone replacement therapy.
B)women who have had hysterectomies should avoid estrogen replacement therapy.
C)the benefits of hormone replacement therapy outweigh the risks in women who are at increased risk for breast cancer.
D)women need to rely heavily on their doctor's advice when deciding whether they should use hormone replacement therapy.
15
What type of changes do middle-aged men experience?
A)loss of their capacity to father children
B)modest increase in sexual activity
C)psychological adjustment to declining physical energy
D)a dramatic drop in testosterone levels
16
When compared to that in early adulthood, sexual activity during middle adulthood is:
A)more frequent.
B)less frequent.
C)about the same.
D)more dependent on physical activity.
17
According to John Horn, in middle age:
A)crystallized intelligence increases, while fluid intelligence begins to decline.
B)fluid intelligence increases, while crystallized intelligence begins to decline.
C)both crystallized and fluid intelligence increase.
D)both crystallized and fluid intelligence begin to decline.
18
Data from the Seattle Longitudinal Study have shown that the highest level of functioning for four of the six intellectual abilities tested occurred in:
A)late adolescence.
B)early adulthood.
C)middle adulthood.
D)late adulthood.
19
A review of research methods that assess changes in the adult years suggests that:
A)longitudinal and cross-sectional studies produce similar results.
B)longitudinal studies are more likely than cross-sectional studies to show declining abilities with age.
C)cross-sectional studies are more likely than longitudinal studies to show declining abilities with age.
D)some abilities seem to show a decline in cross-sectional studies, while others show a decline using longitudinal studies.
20
Memory decline is more likely to occur when individuals:
A)must remember numbers.
B)try too hard to organize it in their minds.
C)don't use effective memory strategies.
D)enter middle adulthood.
21
We could distinguish Stephen, an expert chess player, from Darrell, who is a novice, because Darrell is more likely than Stephen to ____________ when determining his moves.
A)use his accumulated experience
B)process information automatically
C)have better strategies and short-cuts
D)use set patterns
22
Job satisfaction increases with age for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
A)higher pay.
B)job security.
C)higher positions within the company.
D)less need for intense commitment.
23
The current middle-aged worker faces all of the following challenges EXCEPT:
A)globalization of work.
B)rapid developments in information technologies.
C)restructuring and privatization of organizations.
D)late retirement.
24
Leisure is particularly important during middle adulthood because it:
A)improves the nation's economy.
B)helps adults narrow their interests.
C)eases the transition from work to retirement.
D)gives grandparents something to talk about with their grandchildren.
25
The percentage of Canadians who believe in God is __________ the percentage who attend religious services.
A)less than
B)greater than
C)equal to
D)changing in comparison to
26
While North Americans generally show a strong interest in religion and believe in God, they also reveal:
A)less commitment to particular religious denominations.
B)more commitment to particular religious denominations.
C)less commitment to particular religious denominations but increased commitment to religious leaders.
D)no change in terms of their commitment to particular religious denominations, but great disappointment with religious leaders.
27
What is the relation between religion and the ability to cope with stress?
A)Religiousness has been shown to be an ineffective strategy for coping with stress.
B)Religiousness can help some individuals cope more effectively with their lives.
C)Religiousness often promotes anxiety, thus inducing stress.
D)There appears to be little if any relationship between religiousness and the ability to cope with stress.
28
Research seems to indicate which of the following relationships between religion and happiness?
A)Involvement in religion causes people to be happy.
B)Happiness leads people to become involved in religion.
C)There is no meaningful relationship between religion and happiness.
D)People who are involved in religion tend to be happy.
29
Viktor Frankl believed that all of the following are distinct human qualities EXCEPT:
A)spirituality.
B)freedom.
C)responsibility.
D)altruism.







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