 |
| 1 | |
All of the following are periods of prenatal development, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | ovulation. |
| | B) | germinal. |
| | C) | embryonic. |
| | D) | fetal. |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
Human fertilization typically takes place in the: |
| | A) | ovary. |
| | B) | fallopian tube. |
| | C) | uterus. |
| | D) | vaginal canal. |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
A fertilized ovum is called: |
| | A) | a blastocyst. |
| | B) | an egg. |
| | C) | an embryo. |
| | D) | a zygote. |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
The period of prenatal development that occurs in the first two weeks after conception is called the _______ period. |
| | A) | fetal |
| | B) | germinal |
| | C) | embryonic |
| | D) | blastocystic |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
A skin defect might be traced back to an initial problem with the embryo's cells. |
| | A) | mesoderm |
| | B) | ectoderm |
| | C) | microderm |
| | D) | endoderm |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
How does the placenta/umbilical cord life-support system prevent harmful bacteria from invading a fetus? |
| | A) | Bacteria are too large to pass through the placenta walls. |
| | B) | The placenta generates antibodies that attack and destroy bacteria. |
| | C) | Bacteria become trapped in the maze of blood vessels of the umbilical cord. |
| | D) | No one understands how the placenta keeps bacteria out. |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
During the second trimester, the amniotic sac is filled mainly with: |
| | A) | blood. |
| | B) | mucus. |
| | C) | urine. |
| | D) | air. |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Organogenesis takes place during which stage of development? |
| | A) | germinal |
| | B) | zygotic |
| | C) | embryonic |
| | D) | fetal |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
While looking over a newborn, a physician notes a facial deformity. Based on her knowledge of prenatal development, the physician would suspect the damage occurred during the _____ stage of development. |
| | A) | germinal |
| | B) | zygotic |
| | C) | embryonic |
| | D) | fetal |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
The trimesters of prenatal development: |
| | A) | are not equal periods. |
| | B) | are the same as the three prenatal stages. |
| | C) | describe general changes in prenatal development. |
| | D) | define the time that the fetus can first survive outside the womb. |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
_________ are important dimensions for providing adequate health care for expectant mothers from various cultural groups. |
| | A) | Cultural assessments |
| | B) | Home care remedy evaluations |
| | C) | Hospice care options |
| | D) | Neonatal care units |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
A medicine woman or medicine man is an indigenous healer in which culture? |
| | A) | Philippino |
| | B) | Asian |
| | C) | African-Caribbean |
| | D) | Native Canadian |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
Which phrase best defines a teratogen? |
| | A) | a life-support system that protects the fetus |
| | B) | an agent that stimulates the formation of organs |
| | C) | an abnormality in infants of alcoholic mothers |
| | D) | an environmental factor that produces birth defects |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Which of the following statements about fetal alcohol syndrome is most accurate? |
| | A) | The infant is often physically deformed and below average in intelligence. |
| | B) | Fetal alcohol syndrome commonly results in miscarriages. |
| | C) | Fetal alcohol syndrome causes ectopic pregnancies. |
| | D) | Babies suffering from fetal alcohol syndrome are often born before term and with low birthweights. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
A common characteristic of babies born to women who smoke during their pregnancies is: |
| | A) | a missing arm or leg. |
| | B) | facial deformities and below-average intelligence. |
| | C) | restlessness and irritability. |
| | D) | lower birthweights. |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
All of the following have been found to endanger the unborn child EXCEPT: |
| | A) | saunas and hot tubs. |
| | B) | radiation. |
| | C) | lead. |
| | D) | computer monitors. |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
Researchers now believe that maternal stress may lead to birth defects by: |
| | A) | reducing the amount of oxygen received by the embryo and fetus. |
| | B) | increasing the mother's susceptibility to viruses. |
| | C) | reducing the likelihood of a good placenta-to-uterus connection. |
| | D) | increasing the likelihood of an unusual chromosome split during meiosis. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
Which of the following statements concerning teen pregnancy in Canada is NOT true? |
| | A) | There is a clear link between teen pregnancy and poverty. |
| | B) | Teens are the least likely of all groups of women to obtain prenatal assistance. |
| | C) | The mortality rate of infants born to teen mothers is double that of mothers in their twenties. |
| | D) | The number of teenage pregnancies increased between 1974 and 1995. |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
Which of the following statements about the relationship between age and pregnancy outcome is most accurate? |
| | A) | Adolescent mothers are most likely to have a baby with Down syndrome. |
| | B) | Artificially inseminated women in their thirties and forties are more likely to become pregnant than those in their twenties. |
| | C) | Mothers over age thirty are most likely to have a baby with Down syndrome. |
| | D) | Adolescent mothers suffer the lowest infant mortality rates of any age group. |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
With respect to prenatal care, where is there the lowest quality and least consistent care? |
| | A) | in Scandinavia |
| | B) | in North America |
| | C) | in Western Europe |
| | D) | care is the same in all these locations. |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Mrs. Peters is experiencing contractions every 2 to 5 minutes. She is in which stage of birth? |
| | A) | first |
| | B) | second |
| | C) | third |
| | D) | fourth |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
Which of the following can lead to anoxia during the birth process? |
| | A) | having the umbilical cord tighten around the neck of the fetus |
| | B) | use of forceps to help ease the infant from the birth canal |
| | C) | an episiotomy (surgically widening the vaginal opening) |
| | D) | Braxton-Hicks contractions |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT true about midwifery in Canada? |
| | A) | Approximately one percent of women who deliver a baby are attended by a midwife. |
| | B) | Midwives attend births in home and hospital settings. |
| | C) | Midwives are regulated provincially by the province's College of Midwives. |
| | D) | Most midwives are not nurses. |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
A physician might elect to give a pregnant mother an oxytocin if: |
| | A) | her contractions have stopped. |
| | B) | she is bleeding vaginally. |
| | C) | she has stopped ovulating. |
| | D) | her placenta has partially detached. |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
Eleni is a doula. This means she is a: |
| | A) | physician who specializes in obstetrics. |
| | B) | nurse with a specialty in obstetrics. |
| | C) | caregiver who provides support for the mother during birth. |
| | D) | nurse-practitioner who is trained as a midwife to delivery babies. |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
"When information and support are provided, women know how to give birth" is a statement describing the main premise of: |
| | A) | prepared childbirth. |
| | B) | medicated delivery. |
| | C) | Caesarean delivery. |
| | D) | midwife delivery. |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
Aisha is using a childbirth strategy that includes a detailed anatomy and physiology course during pregnancy and a special breathing technique to control pushing in the final stages of labour. She is using which method? |
| | A) | natural childbirth |
| | B) | the Lamaze method |
| | C) | Caesarean delivery |
| | D) | the Read method |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
What is the least likely situation for a Caesarean section to occur? |
| | A) | breech position. |
| | B) | the mother elects to have one. |
| | C) | baby's head is too large. |
| | D) | mother is bleeding vaginally. |
|
|
|
| 29 | |
A "preterm" baby cannot have gestated for more than ____ weeks. |
| | A) | 26 |
| | B) | 30 |
| | C) | 34 |
| | D) | 38 |
|
|
|
| 30 | |
Which of the following statements about a shortened gestation period is most accurate? |
| | A) | It is common for low-birthweight infants. |
| | B) | It often leads to organ malformation. |
| | C) | It is almost always devastating. |
| | D) | It alone does not necessarily harm an infant. |
|
|
|
| 31 | |
Increases in survival rates for infants who are born very early and very small would predict: |
| | A) | increases in severe brain damage. |
| | B) | a more adaptable immune system. |
| | C) | a tendency toward substance abuse later in life. |
| | D) | higher levels of academic achievement than normal weight infants. |
|
|
|
| 32 | |
Gender ambiguity is known by all the following terms EXCEPT: |
| | A) | intersexuality |
| | B) | hermaphroditism |
| | C) | ambiguous gentalia |
| | D) | sex-of-rearing |
|
|
|
| 33 | |
In contrast to the Brazelton scale, the Apgar primarily assesses a newborn's: |
| | A) | psychological status. |
| | B) | reflexes. |
| | C) | physiological health. |
| | D) | responsivity to people. |
|
|
|
| 34 | |
Two-day-old Terry's very low Brazelton Neonatal Behavioural Assessment Scale score can indicate that: |
| | A) | he has brain damage. |
| | B) | his mother took heroin while she was pregnant. |
| | C) | he will develop a "difficult" temperament. |
| | D) | he is unlikely to bond with his primary caregiver. |
|
|
|
| 35 | |
Which of the following terms refers to a physical change in the uterus that occurs to women after childbirth? |
| | A) | decompression |
| | B) | decompensation |
| | C) | involution |
| | D) | menarche |
|
|
|
| 36 | |
Marjorie has just had a healthy baby boy and a relatively easy birth. However, now that she is home with her baby, she is experiencing emotional fluctuations. Which of the following is most likely true? |
| | A) | Marjorie should get professional counseling immediately. |
| | B) | Marjorie needs to get more education about how to care for her baby and deal with her feelings. |
| | C) | Marjorie's husband should stay home from work to help her care for the baby. |
| | D) | Marjorie's emotional fluctuations may be due to hormonal changes, fatigue, or demands of having a new baby. |
|
|
|
| 37 | |
The term used to describe the close physical contact between parents and their newborn shortly after birth is: |
| | A) | imprinting. |
| | B) | early stimulation. |
| | C) | bonding. |
| | D) | attachment. |
|
|
.