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Theories of Personality, 5/e
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Psychodynamic Theories
Klein: Object Relations Theory
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1. Klein believed that the infant’s relationship to the __________________ served as a model for later object relationships.
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2. Object relations theory is an offspring of _________________ instinct theory.
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3. According to Klein, __________________ are psychic representations of unconscious id instincts.
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4. Infants ___________________, or take external objects, into their psychic structure.
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5. An infant adopts the __________________________ position to fight off feelings of persecution.
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6. Klein’s _____________________ position consists of feelings of anxiety over losing a loved object combined with a sense of guilt for desiring to destroy that object.
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7. With the psychic defense mechanism of ___________________, infants attempt to manage the good and bad aspects of themselves by keeping apart incompatible impulses.
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8. With __________________ identification, infants split off unacceptable parts of themselves, project these parts onto another object, and then introject these parts back into themselves in a changed form.
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9. Although the ____________________ is poorly organized at birth, it is strong enough to feel anxiety and to use defense mechanisms.
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10. A little boy’s ______________________ position is marked by a passive homosexual attitude toward his father.
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11. During female oedipal development, a girl fears that her _________________ will injure her and take away her babies.
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12. Mahler emphasized the psychological ________________ of the infant.
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13. Kohut emphasized the evolution of the ______________________ from a vague image to a clear sense of individual identity.
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14. ______________________ attempted to synthesize Freudian drive theory, object relations theory, and developmental theory.
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15. The ________________ stage is the first stage of separation anxiety, as viewed by Bowlby